BLG 143 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Monosaccharide, Chitin, Starch
12 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Sugars and other carbs: highly variable in structure. Monosaccharides: monomers that polymerize to form polysaccharides, which are joined by glycosidic linkages. Mono: 1 (glucose) di: 2 (lactose) oligo (3-8 sugars): few poly: many (starch, cellulose) Is a molecule with carbonyl (c=o) and several hydroxyl (oh) groups along with many c-h. Sugars form rings in (aq) solution, not linear chains. C1 in linear chain bonds w/ o2 and oh group. New oh on c1 is either below or above plane of ring (either or glu(cid:272)ose). Glycosidic linkage formed from condensation rxn between 2 oh groups. (1, 4 link) In plants, monosaccharides stored in form of starch. 30: amylopectin: branched polysaccharide; branching occurs @ every 30th monomer. Glycogen: major form of stored carbs in animals. Nearly identical to branched form of starch except branches @ every 10 monomers. Cellulose: structural component in cell walls of plants, v strong. Poly(cid:373)er of -glu(cid:272)ose li(cid:374)ked (cid:271)y -1, 4 glycosidic linkages.
