PHGY 214 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Adrenal Medulla, Adrenal Cortex, Angiotensin
9 Mar 2018
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Embedded above each kidney in a capsule of fat. Composed of two endocrine organs: adrenal cortex: outer portion, secretes steroid hormones, adrenal medulla: inner portion, secretes catecholamines. Mineralcorticoids: mainly aldosterone, influence mineral balance, specifically na and k balance (when na retained k is lost) Glucorticoids: primarily cortisol in humans, major role in glucose metabolism as well as in protein and lipid metabolism. Sex hormones: identical or similar to those prod by gonads, most abundant and physiologically important is dehydroepiandosterone (male sex hormone) aldosterone each zone prod 1 hormone. Increase na reabsorption and k elimination in kidney. Stim by the renin-angiotensin sys in response to decreased na and bp. Angiotensinogen angiotensin i angiotensin ii (stim adrenal cortex to release aldosterone) occurs w blood loss. Inhibits glucose uptake and use by many tissues (skeletal muscle, liver), but not the brain. Facilitates lipolysis (spares glucose so it is readily available to the brain) Plays key role in adaptation to stress.
