NURS 2003 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Atelectasis, Cough, Fecal Occult Blood
20 Mar 2017
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Leads to an altered cell line that doesn"t function properly. Can metastasize: i. e. , spread so other tissues lose function as well. Have not penetrated the local basement membrane or spread to other tissues. E. g. ductual carcinoma in situ (dcis) of the breast or cervix or esophasgus, etc. Loss of differentiation/ morphological characteristics so loss of function (anaplasia) Can invade local structures via blood and lymphatics (metastasis) Results in abnormal cellular proteins, so loss of usual function. Mutated cell can divide, get an altered cell line which continues to divide and proliferate (rapid mitosis) If more mutations occur in that line then cancer develops. Progressive lack of differentiation with each new mutation and cell line. Dysplastic (containing abnormal cells/ abnormal development) neoplasic (abnormal growth of tissue) Dysplastic changes can be used for diagnosis and treatment (homozygous loss of dcc on 18q) (mutation of ras on 12p) (homozygous loss of p53 on 17p) (homozygous loss of apc locus on 5q)
