PSYCH 2AP3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Etiology, Panic Attack, Imipramine
7 Mar 2019
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Agoraphobia: anxiety re places where escape difficult or embarrassing, or help not available in event of panic attack. Situations avoided, tolerated with anxiety, or companion required: 0. 8% annual, 1. 4% lifetime prevalence in u. s, more common in women,; usual onset in 20s or 30s. Etiology of pd: biological: 10-25% concordance rate among 1st degree relatives, 1-3% in controls, we learn everything from our parents - how our parents see the world, etc, could be a learning mechanism. Sodium lactate infusion: 70% have attack from na lactate infusion, produce large ne increase in susceptibles, pet date from positive infusers: Increase brain metabolism: using more brain energy than individuals not in a panic disorder. Strong ans responses to moderate stimuli: 50% have mitral valve prolapse, thought to be genetic, can produce some symptoms of pd in non-pd individuals, heart rate increases, respiration increases. Etiology of pd: psychodynamic: reoccurrence of separation anxiety.
