BIOLOGY 2A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Chemical Energy, Chemical Equilibrium
12 Feb 2020
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January 6th 2020 - lecture 1 energy and metabolism. Describe major pathways of energy metabolism & how they are regulated. Factors that determine the rates of enzyme catalyzed reactions involved in energy metabolism. Energy exists as kinetic, potential energy or both; There are several groups of energy: radiant, mechanical, electrical, thermal, and chemical which control physiology. Chemical energy is most of the energy cells use in the form of atp. Metabolism = sum of all chemical reactions in the cell. Chemical reactions occur in biological processes to transfer one energy form. Ex. hydrolysis, condensation, phosphorylation, dephosphorylation, oxidation, and reduction. Chemical equilibrium decide direction and final concentrations of reactants and products for reversible reactions. Rates of chemical reactions depend on activation energy + temperature + reactant/product concentrations. Activation energy (ea): energy needed to pass through transition state. Enzymes are proteins that reduce ea, by increasing the rate of biochemical reactions. Make it easier to go from substrate to product.
