BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: The Terminal, Conformational Change, Start Codon

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21 Apr 2016

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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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The trna molecule consists of four double-helical segments and three characteristic loops (due to h bonds) There is an anticodon region which is a specific nucleotide triplet that forms complementary base-pairs with a specific mrna codon that codes for an amino acid. Anticodons are written 3"-5" and align with mrna codons 5"-3". At the 3" end of the trna there is an aa attachment site that is made up of a cca sequence. The terminal a is the point of attachment for an aa during trna molecule activation. Ribosomes assemble along a transcribed mrna in the cytosol. Translation initiation: eukaryotes: translation initiation complex forms towards 5" cap of mrna then scans for. Other initiation factors bind to the trna that is charged with methionine. Once aug is reached the large ribosomal subunit assembles: prokaryotes: translation initiation complex assembles at binding sites called shine- delgarno sequences. Translation of polycistronic mrna can occur because they have functionally related genes grouped together.

Related Questions

Given the wobble rules, what is the fewest number of tRNAs necessary to insert the amino acid Leu into a peptide, and what is the anticodon for each tRNA? There are six codons that specify Leu: UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, CUG. Keep in mind all sequences in this question are written 5' to 3'

A) two, with anticodons IAA and GAG

B) two, with anticodons UAA and IAG

C)three, with anticodons IAA, GAG, and UAG

D) three, with anticodons UAA, GAG, and UAG

E)three, with anticodons UAA, IAG, and UAG

A researcher isolates a mutant variant of the bacterial translation factor EF-G. The mutation allows proper folding of the protein and binding of GTP, but does not allow GTP hydrolysis. At what stage would translation be blocked by this mutant protein?

A)Binding of fMet-tRNA^fMet to P site.

B) Second aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the ribosomal A site.

C) Formation of peptide bond between amino acids.

D) Movement of ribosome along the mRNA to allow binding of a new EF-TuâtRNA in A site.

Gene ExpressionQuestions

Question 1

#1) Match the following reactions to the correct step of proteinsynthesis by ribosomes.

___ Hydrolysis of GTP and disassembly of the translationcomplex.

___ binding of initiator aminoacyl-tRNA

___ formation of the peptide bond

___ translocation of ribosome

___ Use of 2 mole-equivalents of ATP and attachment of an aminoacid to a transfer RNA molecule

Answer Choices for Number #1
A. initiation step
B. elongation step
C. termination step
D. aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase reaction

Question 2

#2) Mark which of the following are needed for the synthesis ofRNA by RNA polymerase:

___ primer

___ ATP, CTP, GTP, UTP

___ dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP

___ template

Question 3

#3) Mark which of the following are properties of a bacteria(prokaryotic) messenger RNA:

___		It has a cap at the 5'-end.
___		It has a poly-A tail at the 3'-end.
___		It has a 5'-untranslated region (UTR).
___		It has a 3'-untranslated (UTR) region.

Question 4

#4) Match the following RNA molecules to their respectivefunctions in the cell.

___ transfer RNA

___ ribosomal RNA

___ messenger RNA

___ small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

Answer Choices for Number #4

A. This RNA serves as the template for protein synthesis.
B. This molecule is a molecular component of ribosomes.
C. This molecule is a component of spliceosomes and serves torecognize the exon-intron junctions
D. This RNA molecule is delivers the amino acid to the ribosome andit recognizes the appropriate codons with its anticodon loop.

burgundyturtle416

Double check to see if I got these right? 3 questions

Some Processes Involved in DNA Replication

1.The replication origin is identified.

2 DNA primase builds RNA primer.

3Okazaki fragments are spliced by DNA ligase.

4Helicases bind and uncoil the DNA double helix.

5 RNA primer is the starting point for DNA polymerase.

6 DNA replication ends at the telomere where DNA codes fortermination.

7 DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides in the 5' to 3'direction in short segments called Okazaki fragments.

The sequence in which the events numbered above occur during DNAreplication of the lagging strand: Number 1 - 7 in order.

I put: 1,4,2,5,7,3,6

__________________Question 2:

Some Functions of Enzymes

Build DNA strands
Build RNA primers
Build mRNA strand
Cleave DNA strands
Splice Okazaki fragments

Enzyme:
Helicase :4
DNA ligase :5
RNA primase :1
RNA polymerase :3
DNA polymerase:2

Question 3:

like mRNA, tRNA has a ribose sugar, U instead of T, and issingle stranded. Unlike mRNA, which remains a long single strand ofnucleotides, tRNA folds so that some areas pair up.

The resulting structure has an anticodon on one end and a site foran amino acid to attach on the other end. There is basecomplementarity (A pairs with U and G pairs with C) between an mRNAcodon and tRNA anticodon.

If the amino acid tyrosine attaches to a tRNA, which of thefollowing anticodons could be at the opposite end of the tRNAmolecule?

Select one:

a. ATA and ATG

b. UAU and UAC

c. AUA and AUG

d. AGA and AGU

I picked B.

purpleturtle13

BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: The Terminal, Conformational Change, Start Codon

BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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