BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture 3: Module 3 - Translation

35 views5 pages

amberfrog88

20 Oct 2015

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

doinhumolalala and 39849 others unlocked

BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

Verified Note

9 documents

Document Summary

Molecular components contribute to translation: translation requires many components, information contained in our genome is encoded in our genes, this genetic information is transcribed from the sequences of nucleotides along strands of. This is represented in two-dimensions as a clover leaf . There are actually only approximately 45 trna molecules, meaning that some trna molecules may ne bale to bind to more than one codon: this is largely due to the chemical nature of the codon-anticodon pairing interactions. The process of translation: translation initiation, initiation of translation differs between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In eukaryotes, the initiation of translation occurs when a translation initiation complex forms towards the 5" cap of the mrna and then scans the mrna until an aug start codon is encountered. Since prokaryotes have no 5" caps, the translation initial complex will assemble at one or more ribosome bonding sites called shine-dalgarno sequences.

Related Questions

Protein synthesis is called "translation" because it involves conversion of a linear sequence of nucleic acids into a linear sequence of amino acids. This process involves many cellular components, perhaps as many as 300, but only one of these components is directly responsible for the actual translation of nucleic acid code into incorporation of the appropriate amino acid residue in the growing peptide chain. What is the molecular translator and how does its structure relate to its function?

plumhedgehog664

Which of the following statements is true?

A.) Molecules of mRNA are translated from 3' to 5'

B.) For each amino acid found naturally in proteins, there is only one codon in the genetic code.

C.)The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is found in the promoters of genes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

D.) During translation, both strands of DNA are used as templates for the construction of two new strands of protein.

E.) When considering the initiation of transcription one often finds consensus sequences, such as the TATA box, located in the region of the DNA where RNA polymerase(s) bind.

1. _________________________ is the name of the process that produces proteins using RNA molecules.

a.Transcription

b Translation

c. Replication

d. Mutagenesis

2. The peptide bonding site on the ribosome:

a. A site

b. P site

c. E site

d. D site

3. The name given to the bond formed between two amino acids.

a. Hydrogen bond

b. Double bond

c. Peptide bond

d. Negative bond

4. __________________________ is the movement of the mRNA molecule on the ribosome to open up the A-site for the new incoming amino acid.

a. Transformation

b. Mutation

c. Translocation

d. Initiation

5. What does the term semi-conservative mean.

a. Replication of RNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of RNA and one new strand of RNA.

b. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of DNA and one new strand of DNA.

c. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of new strands of nucleotides.

d. Transcription of RNA is semi conservative.

6. This molecule functions during protein synthesis to recognize the codon and bring the proper amino acid back to the ribosome for translation.

a. mRNA

b. tRNA

c. rRNA

d. DNA polymerase

7. What is meant by the base-pairing rule.

a. Bases on a single strand of DNA are always found as pairs

b. Adenine always base pairs with guanine; cytosine with thymine

c. Adenine always base pairs with thymine; cytosine with guanine

d. Bases on a single strand of RNA are found in pair.

8. In this step of protein synthesis, amino acids are added to a growing polypeptide chain.

a. Initiation.

b. Elongation.

c. Termination.

d. Transpiration.

9. Three complementary bases found in a mRNA are called ____________________.

a. Anti-codon.

b. Triplet.

c. Doublet.

d. Codons.

10. Which statement best describes the job or function of the messenger RNA.

a. Carries the map of the gene sequence in the form of codons to the cytoplasm

for translation of the protein.

b. It transfers amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

c. It forms the ribosomes.

d. It helps replicate DNA.

ceruleangnat663

BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture 3: Module 3 - Translation

BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Aminoacyl Trna Synthetase, Aminoacyl-Trna, Transfer Rna

BIOLOGY 1A03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Aminoacyl Trna Synthetase, Aminoacyl-Trna, Eukaryotic Translation

BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Atp Hydrolysis, Metabolic Pathway, Start Codon

Related Questions