BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Peptidyl Transferase, Human Genome, Arginine

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BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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In translation, cellular components are able to read the genetic message in the messenger rna sequence, and translate this message into the specific primary amino acid sequence of a protein trnatings. Enables the translation of the information in the mrna genetic message to a polypeptide. Able to transfer amino acids, from a pool of amino acids in the cytoplasm to a growing polypeptide strand in a ribosome. Made up of a single rna strand that is 70-90 nucleotides in length. There is complementarity along the trna molecule, resulting in hydrogen bonding between complementary nucleotide bases. An anticodon region of the trna molecule is a specific nucleotide triplet that forms complementary base-pairs with a specific mrna codon that codes for a specific amino acid. These anticodons are written in the 3"->5" direction that align with mrna codons in the 5"->3" direction.

Related Questions

If the bold term in each statement is correct hen write the letter C next to it. if the term is incorrect then replace it with the correct term.

The nucleotide bases found only in RNA and not in DNA is thymine.

The class of RNA molecules that carries the amino acids that are added to the growing polypeptide chain is tRNA.

During translation immediately after the first and second tRNA molecules become attached side by side on the mRNA., a hydrogen bond is formed between adjacent amino acids.

In the genetic code, 20 bases on the DNA code for a single amino acid.

The major lipid involved is transcription is RNA polymerase.

The one strand of DNA used as a template in the making of mRNA during transcription, is the template strand.

chocolatemuskrat416

1. _________________________ is the name of the process that produces proteins using RNA molecules.

a.Transcription

b Translation

c. Replication

d. Mutagenesis

2. The peptide bonding site on the ribosome:

a. A site

b. P site

c. E site

d. D site

3. The name given to the bond formed between two amino acids.

a. Hydrogen bond

b. Double bond

c. Peptide bond

d. Negative bond

4. __________________________ is the movement of the mRNA molecule on the ribosome to open up the A-site for the new incoming amino acid.

a. Transformation

b. Mutation

c. Translocation

d. Initiation

5. What does the term semi-conservative mean.

a. Replication of RNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of RNA and one new strand of RNA.

b. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of DNA and one new strand of DNA.

c. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of new strands of nucleotides.

d. Transcription of RNA is semi conservative.

6. This molecule functions during protein synthesis to recognize the codon and bring the proper amino acid back to the ribosome for translation.

a. mRNA

b. tRNA

c. rRNA

d. DNA polymerase

7. What is meant by the base-pairing rule.

a. Bases on a single strand of DNA are always found as pairs

b. Adenine always base pairs with guanine; cytosine with thymine

c. Adenine always base pairs with thymine; cytosine with guanine

d. Bases on a single strand of RNA are found in pair.

8. In this step of protein synthesis, amino acids are added to a growing polypeptide chain.

a. Initiation.

b. Elongation.

c. Termination.

d. Transpiration.

9. Three complementary bases found in a mRNA are called ____________________.

a. Anti-codon.

b. Triplet.

c. Doublet.

d. Codons.

10. Which statement best describes the job or function of the messenger RNA.

a. Carries the map of the gene sequence in the form of codons to the cytoplasm

for translation of the protein.

b. It transfers amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

c. It forms the ribosomes.

d. It helps replicate DNA.

ceruleangnat663

31. T or F. In pre-mRNA splicing, the 5â splice site, 3â splice site, and the cleavage site in the
intron sequence each have a consensus nucleotide sequence.
32. T or F. The addition of an amino acid to a tRNA molecule is an example of a molecular
switch.
33. T or F. The binding of a ligand to its specific plasma membrane receptor is an example
of a molecular switch.
34. T or F. Energy obtained from ATP hydrolysis is used to attach each amino acid to its
tRNA molecule in a high energy bond that is used later in the ribosome to join an amino
acid into the polypeptide chain.
35. T or F. Every new protein, as it emerges from RNA polymerase in the nucleus, is
comprised of amino acids that have been joined together in a linear chain.
36. T or F. The ribosome has a total of 3 RNA binding sites, including the A, P, and E sites.

BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Peptidyl Transferase, Human Genome, Arginine

BIOLOGY 1A03 Full Course Notes

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