BIOLOGY 1A03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Vimentin, Pseudopodia, Endosome

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 1A03
• Professor: Roger Jacobs

Document Summary

Bacteria have extra protection: glycolipids on outside of cell wall. One to hundreds of circular, supercoiled dna plasmids. Surround and take in bacterial and archael cells: allows incompatible chem. rxns, increases efficiency of chem. Nucleus: linear chromosomes made up of dna tightly complexed w/ histone proteins forming chromatin, nucleolus rna manufactured & ribosomal subunits assembled. Ribosomes: scattered through cytosol, smaller than pro. Ribosomes: 2 subunits small & large form machine to synthesize proteins. Rough er: continuous with outer membrane of nuclear envelope, protein synthesis and processing complex. Golgi apparatus: site of protein processing, sorting, and shipping, er cis side trans side plasma membrane. Smooth er: enzymes synthesize phospholipids for plasma membrane, reservoir for ca2+ ions. Peroxisomes: enzymes oxidize toxins, enzymes catalyze oxidation of fatty acids. Lysosomes: recycling centre digestion by acid hydrolases, phagocytosis plasma membrane engulfs cell/particle , autophagy damaged organelles surround by membrance, sent to lysosome , receptor-mediated endocytosis.