BIOLOGY 1A03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Chromosome, Microtubule, Prokaryote

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 1A03
• Professor: Lovaye Kajiura

Document Summary

Structure of a cell is closely related to its function. Inside cells, materials are transported to their destinations with the help of the molecular postal codes . Cells are dynamic, thousands of chemical reactions occur each second within the cells; molecules are constantly being moved across the membrane, cell products are shipped along protein fibres, elements of the cells internal skeleton grow and shrink. According to phylogeny there are three groups: bacteria, archaea, eukarya. Plasma membrane encloses a single compartment; cell has few or no substructures separated from the rest of the cell by internal membrane. Bacterial and archael cell walls are a tough, fibrous layer surrounding the plasma membrane. Most of them have a single, circular chromosome that consists of a large dna molecule associated with small proteins and genes. In the nucleoid, the cells centre, you find the chromosomes. Plasmids: circular, supercoiled dna molecules containing genes but are physically independent of the main, cellular chromosome.