ANTHROP 1AA3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Olduvai Gorge, Paranthropus Boisei, Neanderthal
7 Sep 2016
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Earliest hominin fossils in east and south africa, with all hominins displaying bipedalism + mix of features (mosaic evolution) Gracile versus robust australopithecines (note that some scholars position robust. One gracile species (maybe africanus?) evolved into our genus, homo. Gracile and robust australopithecines: afarensis, africanus, boisei, robustus, aethiopicus (sometimes called p. aethiopicus) Use wear analysis (with high power microscope) indicates that plant and animal material was cut with these tools. Are unifacially flaked this means that they were only sharpened on one side of the flake. How do we know these are human-made? striking platform on flakes. Less sexual dimorphism: wide array of tools. 780,000-400,000 y. a. at zhoukoudian (china) burnt animal bones, seeds, ash. 1. 8 mya 300,000 y. a: widespread europe, asia, africa. Butchering and skinning game, scraping hides, cutting plants, digging in the soil. Standardized, pre-determined form (pear-shaped) and high degree of symmetry. Thousands of artifacts found at a nearby stone quarry.
