BIOL 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Cytogenetics, Chromosome, Heredity
30 Mar 2020
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The molecular basis of inheritance: from chromosomes to genomes: We"re gonna talk about the physical basis of the transmission of traits. We know this is chromosomes and dna and that"s what we"re gonna talk about in this section. People were looking at subcellular structures, they had dyes and they could stain cells and they could see this dark staining in cells which they called chromosomes. Cytogeneticists saw that the behavior of chromosomes was correlated with the way traits were inherited and the way they imagined information being passed down from parent to offspring. They found that they segregate one to each daughter cell during meiosis and they also saw that pairs of homologous chromosomes segregated independently. It looked very convincing that the chromosome contains the physical information that is being passed down from parent to offspring. A correct number of chromosomes is required for development, so these were experiments done on the sea urchin embryo.
