BIOL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Rna Polymerase Ii, Polyadenylation, Untranslated Region

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indigobat594

6 Mar 2017

School

Dalhousie University

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 2030

Professor

Herbinger Christopher

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Document Summary

Lecture 17 - rna molecules and mrna processing. It is eukaryotic because of the polya tail and the cap. The polya tail and cap do not occur in prokaryotic mrna mrna transcription and processing are coupled: happens at the same time, rna polymerase ii, functional coupling of mrna transcription and mrna processing by rna polymerase ii (pol. It can skip exons: each mrna when translated produces a different protein (isoform, patterns, exon skipped, an exon gets skipped. Intron retention: keeps an intron, alternative 5" or 3" splice site. In drosophila sex determination: different forms of a protein may be produced in different cell types, example: in the thyroid, a particular pre-mrna skips both exon 5 and exon 6, which produces calcitonin for the thyroid cells. In the brain, the same pre-mrna skips exon 4, which produces a calcitonin- gene-related peptide (cgrp) for the brain cells.

Related Questions

Match the following:

1	Region which lies upstream of thetranslation start site contains the Shine Dalgarno sequence
2	Sequence added to the 3' end of thepre-mRNA which affects mRNA stability
3	Establishes the reading frame andspecifies the first amino acid of the protein chain
4	DNA sequence that the transcriptionapparatus recognizes and binds to initiate transcription
5	Expressed sequences of DNA that arenot removed during alternative splicing
6	Signals the end of translation andthe protein molecule
7	Group of three nucleotides that codefor an amino acid
8	Site begins the coding region of thegene and is located 25-30 nucleotides downstream of the TATAbox
9	Non-coding sequences of DNA thatintervene within coding regions of a gene
	10 Ribosome binding site ineukaryotes; functions in the initiation of translation and mRNAstability
11	A sequence which lies downstream ofthe coding region of the gene; determines the location of the 3'cleavage site in the pre-mRNA molecule
12	Sequence of nucleotides at the 3' endof the mRNA that is not translated into protein; affects thetranslation and stability of the mRNA molecule

A.	5' untranslated region
B.	AAUAAA consensus sequence
C.	Promoter
D.	Transcription start site
E.	3' untranslated region
F.	Introns
G.	Initiation codon (AUG)
H.	Poly(A) tail
I.	5' cap
J.	Termination codon (UAA, UGA, UAG)
K.	Exons
L.	Sense codon

ivorymacaw91

Please help on these. Thank you!

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a channel in the RNA polymeraseenzyme?

		RNA exit channel
		DNA entry channel
		DNA exit channel
		Nucleotide exit channel

Question 2

A promoter region upstream of a bacterial gene typically has thesequence TTGACA in the -35 position and TATAAT in the -10 position.If there was a 5 bp insertion at the -40 position, such thateverything downstream was shifted (ie: the "-35 element" is now atthe -30 from the transcription start site), which of the followingwill occur?

		Sigma protein will not bind and so no transcription willoccur.
		RNA polymerase will not bind and so no transcription willoccur.
		Sigma protein will bind to its target sequences and sotranscription will start 5bp downstream from the originaltranscription start site.
		Sigma protein will bind as usual and transcription will startappropriately at the transcription start site.

Question 3

A person has a mutation that prevents TFIIH from being produced.Which of the following outcomes will occur?

		No transcription because TFIID will not be able to bind.
		No transcription because the DNA strand will not be opened.
		Transcription will occur, but it will not be in the correctposition.
		Transcription will occur as usual.

Question 4

There are 4 rRNAs produced to make both subunits of theribosome. How many transcripts are required to produce these 4rRNAs?

		1
		2
		3
		4

Question 5

True or False: the 5' 7m-Gppp cap is attached to the start codonof the mRNA.

		True.
		False, the cap is attached to the 5'-untranslated region.
		False - the cap is attached to the 3'-untranslated region.
		False, the cap is attached to the polyA tail.

Question 6

During the splicing mechanism, which of the following joins twoexons together?

		A 2'OH attacks a 5' phosphate
		A 5' phosphate attacks a 2'OH
		A 3'OH attacks a 5' phosphate
		A 5' phosphate attacks a 3'OH Question 7 After their experiment in Neurospora, Beadle and Tatum concludedthat each single genes code for single enzymes. Do you agree withtheir statement, why or why not?

burgundyhedgehog579

Which of the following statements is true?

A.) Molecules of mRNA are translated from 3' to 5'

B.) For each amino acid found naturally in proteins, there is only one codon in the genetic code.

C.)The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is found in the promoters of genes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

D.) During translation, both strands of DNA are used as templates for the construction of two new strands of protein.

E.) When considering the initiation of transcription one often finds consensus sequences, such as the TATA box, located in the region of the DNA where RNA polymerase(s) bind.

BIOL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Rna Polymerase Ii, Polyadenylation, Untranslated Region

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