PSYC 2700 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Automaticity, Daniel Kahneman, Normal Distribution
22 Nov 2013
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Document Summary
Visual attention: space-based visual attention, object-based visual attention. Visual attention: space-based attention, direction of visual attention can be separated from direction of gaze, endogenous: internal/intentional, exogenous: drawn by external cue, direction of attention can influence our perceptions, example: line demo. Spotlight metaphor: visual attention as a spotlight , spotlight focused (endo or exo) on locations in space. Spotlight facilitates processing of information at the attended location. Draw attention to potentially important events in space. Place attention according to expectancy: object-based, attention is placed on objects, within-object processing is more efficient (faster, more accurate) than across-object processing. Lavie & driver (1996: line (object) study, see demo trials on slides, faster to stimuli on same object (line, object effect. Why object-based attention: major goal of vision is to identify objects. Summary: visual attention is both space-based and object-based. Divided attention: resource theory of attention, diagram of arousal vs. performance (normal curve, yerkes-dodson law. Flexible, can be allocated: two types of attentional limits:
