ERTH 3113 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ernst Haeckel, Phylogenetics, Genetic Drift

• School: Carleton University
• Department: Earth Sciences
• Course: ERTH 3113
• Professor: Madden

Document Summary

Both study changes to allele frequencies over time. Describes how populations change under the influence of mutation, natural selection, gene flow, and genetic drift. These mechanisms affect the morphology, physiology and behaviour of particular species in particular environments. Macroevolution refers to how new species and higher taxa are created. Same processes as microevolution, but on a different timescale. Processes play an important role in human evolution by allowing us to properly interpret the fossil record and reconstruct history of the human lineage. Evolution is a conservative process that works within a limited number of embryonic pathways. 4 mains methods that cause changes to allele frequencies. Source of new alleles in a gene pool. Transfer of genes from one gene pool to another. Can increase or decrease variation in a population. The change in the frequency of an existing gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling of organisms.