BIOL 3P50 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Leucine, Phenylalanine, Peptide

Question 4

Using the terms provided, complete the statements below. Some terms may apply more than once, while others may not apply at all. (15 points)

Watson and Crick determined that DNA exists in the form of a _______________, where two antiparallel chains of nucleotides wind around each other. The nitrogenous bases project to the interior where they hydrogen bond in specific pairs, ___________ with __________ and _____________ with ____________.Meselson and Stahl demonstrated that DNA is replicated by the _______________ model in which the parent molecule unwinds and each strand serves as a template for synthesis of a new strand. Synthesis of DNA is carried out by _________________, which builds the new strands in the ___________ direction. While the ______________ grows continuously; the _______________ is built in short sections called _________________, which will eventually be joined together by __________________. Eukaryotic __________________ is composed of DNA and _____________ proteins that bind together forming ________________________, the basic units of DNA packaging.

Question 5

In the table below, predict (yes or no) whether or not the E. coli lac operon will be transcriptionally active in the presence or absence of glucose or lactose as indicated and respond to questions "a" and "b."

Explain each of your answers in terms of the molecular mechanisms that are known to underlie the regulation of the lac operon. Which mechanism is considered to be negative control and which is considered to be positive control? Explain.

Question 6

Use the genetic code table in your textbook to aid you in answering the questions below. (15 points)

a.) Use the genetic code table to deduce the amino acid sequence of a protein encoded by the mRNA shown here:

5’AUGAUUGGAGGUUUGAUCGGGCAAUAGGGGUUUCAGUAAAUG3’

b.) Explain how the above sequence in "a" illustrates that redundancy of the genetic code.

c.) Explain what would happen if a mutational event caused the underlined "G" to be changed to a "U"? What is the name for this kind of mutation?

QUESTION 1

A mutation caused by exposure to gamma rays is called a spontaneous mutation

QUESTION 2

A recessive mutation affecting an essential biochemical pathway can be detected________

QUESTION 3

During DNA replication, the newly synthesized chain grows by adding

QUESTION 4

During replication, the DNA strand 5’- AAGTCTAGCCTAG -3’ will serve as a template for the polymerization of:

QUESTIOn 5

Given the following DNA sequences, select which statement(s) is(are) correct.

Sequence 1:

5’-TGGACGCTAA-3’

3’-ACCTGCGATT-5’

Sequence 2:

5’-AATCGCAGGT-3’

3’-TTAGCGTCCA-5’

Sequence 3:

5’-ACCTGCGATT-3’

3’-TGGACGCTAA-5’

QUESTION 6

Repetitive sequences in the genome are hotspots for:

QUESTION 7

Select which statement(s) about the Ames test is(are) correct

QUESTION 8

Select which statement(s) is(are) correct.

QUESTION 9

Studies of gene mutation frequencies have shown that:

QUESTION 10

The compound 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is a derivative of uracil, and if BrdU becomes incorporated during DNA replication, it pairs with adenine. This compound is best classified as which type of mutagen?

QUESTION 11

The rate of mutation of the fruit fly is higher than the rate of mutation of Algae

True

False

QUESTION 12

Thymine dimers are most commonly caused by which of the following?

QUESTION 13

What chemical group is found in the 3’ end of a DNA strand?

QUESTION 14

What chemical group is found in the 5’ end of a DNA strand?

QUESTION 15

Which is the correct order of molecules binding to DNA during DNA replication?

QUESTION 16

Which statement(s) is(are) correct about strand slippage?

help needed asap.