ACTG 1P11 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Activity-Based Costing, Cost Driver, Product Design
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The Big Bus Company manufactures two products, Product 1 and Product 2. Product 2 was developed as an attempt to enter a market closely related to that of Product 1. Product 2 is the more complex of the two products, requiring three hours of direct labour time per unit to manufacture compared to one and one-half hours of direct labour time for Product 1. Product 2 is produced on an automated production line. Overhead is currently assigned to the products on the basis of direct labour-hours. The company estimated it would incur a total of $396,000 in manufacturing overhead costs and produce 5,500 units of Product 2 and 22,000 units of Product 1 during the current year. Unit costs for materials and direct labour are: | ||||||||||||
Product 1 | Product 2 | |||||||||||
Direct Labour | $7 | $15 | ||||||||||
Direct material | $9 | $20 | ||||||||||
Required: | ||||||||||||
a. Compute the predetermined overhead rate under the current method of allocation and determine the unit product cost of each product for the current year. (5 marks) | ||||||||||||
Product 1 | Product 2 | Total | Allocation | |||||||||
Direct Labour hour / unit | 1.5 | 3 | 396,000 / 49,500 | |||||||||
units produced | 22,000 | 5,500 | 8 | |||||||||
total labour hour | 33,000 | 16,500 | 49,500 | |||||||||
overhead/unit | 12 | 24 | overhead/unit is calculated by direct LH x 8 | |||||||||
Product 1 | Product 2 | |||||||||||
Direct material | 9 | 20 | ||||||||||
Direct labour | 7 | 15 | ||||||||||
overhead/unit | 16 | 35 | ||||||||||
cost/unit | 32 | 70 | ||||||||||
b. The company's overhead costs can be attributed to four major activities. These activities and the amount of overhead cost attributable to each for the current year are given below: (5 marks) | ||||||||||||
Expected Activity | ||||||||||||
Activity Costs Pools | Estimated Overhead Costs | Product 1 | Product 2 | Total | ||||||||
Machine set-ups required | $170,000 | 700 | 1,000 | 1,700 | ||||||||
Purchase orders issued | 37,000 | 300 | 200 | 500 | ||||||||
Machine-hours required | 91,000 | 4,000 | 9,000 | 13,000 | ||||||||
Maintenance requests issued | 98,000 | 400 | 600 | 1,000 | ||||||||
$396,000 | ||||||||||||
Using the data above and an activity-based costing approach, determine the unit product cost of each product for the current year. | ||||||||||||
Total Cost | Product A | Product B | ||||||||||
Machine Setups | 170,000 | 70,000 | 100,000 | |||||||||
purchase order | 37,000 | 22,200 | 14,800 | |||||||||
machine hours | 91,000 | 28,000 | 63,000 | |||||||||
maintenance requests | 98,000 | 39,200 | 58,800 | |||||||||
Total | 396,000 | 159,400 | 236,600 | |||||||||
22,000 | 5,500 | |||||||||||
overhead /cost | 7..25 | 43..02 | ||||||||||
product 1 | product 2 | |||||||||||
Direct Labour | 9 | 20 | ||||||||||
direct material | 7 | 15 | ||||||||||
overhead / unit | 7..25 | 43.02. | ||||||||||
Unit/ cost | 23..25 | 78.020. | ||||||||||
Case 3-49
Avid Assemblers uses normal job-order costing to assign costs toproducts. The company assembles and packages 25 different productsaccording to customer specifications. Products are worked on inbatches of 20 to 40 units. Each batch is given a job number. OnOctober 1, the company had the following balances:
Raw materials | $9,800 | |
Work in process | 65,847 | |
Finished goods | 30,640 |
Work in process consisted of the following jobs:
Job 22 | Job 24 | Job 25 | |||||
Direct materials | $6,200 | $5,190 | $4,800 | ||||
Direct labour | 10,500 | 9,210 | 9,500 | ||||
Applied overhead | 7,350 | 6,447 | 6,650 | ||||
Total | $24,050 | $20,847 | $20,950 | ||||
Number of units | 20 | 40 | 30 |
Finished goods consisted of Job 23, with the following costs:
Job 23 | ||
Direct materials | $8,200 | |
Direct labour | 13,200 | |
Applied overhead | 9,240 | |
Total | $30,640 | |
Number of units | 50 |
Shown below are the direct cost data related to jobs started inOctober:
Job 26 | Job 27 | Job 28 | Total | ||||||
Direct materials | $5,180 | $5,600 | $4,200 | $14,980 | |||||
Direct labour | 11,200 | 9,340 | 5,910 | 26,450 | |||||
Number of units | 20 | 30 | 20 |
Other information:
1. | Direct materials and direct labour added tobeginning work in process in October were as follows:
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2. | Overhead is applied at a predetermined rate basedon the direct labour cost. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3. | Actual expenses for October were as follows:
* 80% of employer contributions and benefits relate to factorypersonnel. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4. | Purchases of direct materials (raw materials)during October amounted to $28,500. Indirect materials (supplies)are handled in a separate account. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5. | Only Job Nos. 27 and 28 are still in process atclosing on October 31. Finished goods consisted only of Job No. 25at month end. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6. | Avid writes off any under- and over-applied overhead to Cost ofGoods Sold in the month in which it is incurred. Requirements: |
a.Calculate Predetermined overhead rate
b.Calculate Unit cost of job 24 in October
c.Calulate the Oct 31 Balances for the following account:
Raw Materials, Work in Process, Finished Goods
d.What is the cost of goods manufactured?
e. Determine the under- or over- paid in October
Prepare the journal entry to dispose of this amount.