ANHB1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Fragile X Syndrome, Mutation Rate, Primase

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byzantiummuskrat118

27 Jul 2018

School

UWA

Department

Anatomy and Human Biology/Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology

Course

ANHB1101

Professor

Fiona O'Shea

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Document Summary

The cell cycle: chromosomes are duplicated during the s phase of the interphase. Preparation for cell division two sister chromatids joined at centromere (centromeres replicate in metaphase) Dna replication: prokaryotes: dna is rearranged as a circular ring chromosome. Starts at a specific point on the dna= origin of replication. Eukaryotes: dna is rearranged as discrete chromosomes, dna replication happens in nucleus. Semiconservative dna replication: one old parent strand is paired with a newly synthesized strand. Identified in meselson-stahl experiment involved the growth of e. coli bacteria on a growth medium containing 15n (heavy isotope of nitrogen) Starts at specific points on the dna = origin of replication (particular sequence of dna) starts at multiple points to accelerate rate of replication. Is slow: about 100 -200 nucleotides are added per second. Dna replication - essential steps: dna has to be accessible to the dna replication machinery, enzyme helicase unwinds dna double helix.

Related Questions

1.Briefly describe three functions of cell division.

2.Compare and contrast cell division in bacteria, plant cells, and animal cells.

3.Define and recognize examples of the following terms: genome, chromatin, sister chromatids, centromere, chromosome arm, duplicated chromosome, unduplicated chromosome, kinetochore, kinetochore microtubule, non-kinetochore microtubule, centrosome, aster, mitotic spindle, metaphase plate.

4.Compare and contrast chromatin with chromosomes.

Describe, draw, or label a diagram of the structure of a duplicated or unduplicated eukaryotic chromosome

) What is the longest stage of the cell cycle? Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase of Telophase.

2) When are chromosomes duplicated?

3) what happens during the G2 phase

4) What is the difference between karyokinesis and cytokinesis?

5) what is a bivalent?

6) how does meiosis generate genetic diversity?

each chromosome consists of only one centromere, but during certain times in the cell cycle could consist of two DNA molecules (sister chromatids). If a cell in G1 of interphase had 8 chromosomes, answer the following questions

1) in G2 of interphase how many chromosomes will be found per cell?

2) in G2 of interphase how many DNA molecules will be found per cell?

3) in telophase 1 of meiosis how many chromosomes will be found per cell?

4) in telophase 1 of meiosis how many DNA molecules will be found per cell?

5) after cytokenisis of mitosis how many chromosomes will be found per cell?

6) after cytokenisis of meiosis 2 how many DNA molecules will be found per cell?

Options : 8, 16, 4

ANHB1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Fragile X Syndrome, Mutation Rate, Primase

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