PSYC1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Dark Triad, Psychoticism, Machiavellianism
19 May 2018
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Allport's trait theory, Eysenck's biological typology,
McCrae & Costa
4 temperaments (typology)
• Sanguine - enthusiastic, active and social
• Choleric - short-tempered, fast, irritable
• Melancholic - analytical, wise, quiet
• Phlegmatic - relaxed, peaceful
Typology vs trait approaches
Typology
Trait
• types, categories, each one
of us defined as fitting a
"type"
• Doesn't follow from a theory
• No broad general theory
• e.g. 3 factor model; Eysenck 1947: extraversion,
neuroticism, psychoticism
• 5 factor model; McCrae & Costa 1997:
neuroticism, extraversion, openness to
experience, agreeableness, conscientious
• Dark triad: narcissism, Machiavellianism,
psychopathy, Paulhus and Williams 2002
Difference
• Combination and amount, how do they relate, characterises trait approach
• Trait approach - typically doesn't explain how characteristics develop from past experiences
• Trait is dimensional, dimension is quantitative
Allport trait theory
• Neuropsychic system that initiates and guides behaviour
Eysenck's hierarchical structure of personality
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