PAC3421 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Mast Cell, Shortness Of Breath, Sputum
26 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Asthma + COPD
Differences between asthma + COPD:
Asthma – reversible, mast cells, eosinophils, inflammatory response, CD4+ TH2 helper cells
COPD – irreversible, mainly due to smoking, macrophages, neutrophils, CD8+ -> necrosis
- Medications are similar in both (ICS, LABA), and also symptoms (shortness in breath, difficulty breathing,
cough, wheezing)
Differences between asthma + cystic fibrosis:
Asthma – mast cells, eosinophils, goblet cells, CD4+ TH2 helper cells, could be genetics but also environmental
factors such as air pollution, smoking, allergies
Cystic fibrosis – goblet cells, epithelial cells (absence of/ faulty transmembrane conductance regulator) ->
genetics
In the past:
- Emphysema (Pink Puffers) – Destruction of the alveoli (one of the several structural abnorm.)
- Chronic Bronchitis (Blue Bloaters)
- + cough and sputum production for at least 3 mons in two consecutive yrs
- doesn’t reflect the impact of airflow lim on morbidity + mortality in COPD
- Cough and sputum are unreliable indicators
oBetter to assess: chest tightness, walking up hill, ADLs (activities of daily living), leaving the house,
sleep, energy levels in addition to cough + sputum
oQuality of life!!
- Non pharm interventions:
- referral to pulmonary rehabilitation for Pts who display exertional dyspnoea + after an exacerbation
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Asthma reversible, mast cells, eosinophils, inflammatory response, cd4+ th2 helper cells. Copd irreversible, mainly due to smoking, macrophages, neutrophils, cd8+ -> necrosis. Medications are similar in both (ics, laba), and also symptoms (shortness in breath, difficulty breathing, cough, wheezing) Asthma mast cells, eosinophils, goblet cells, cd4+ th2 helper cells, could be genetics but also environmental factors such as air pollution, smoking, allergies. Cystic fibrosis goblet cells, epithelial cells (absence of/ faulty transmembrane conductance regulator) -> genetics. Emphysema (pink puffers) destruction of the alveoli (one of the several structural abnorm. ) + cough and sputum production for at least 3 mons in two consecutive yrs doesn"t reflect the impact of airflow lim on morbidity + mortality in copd. Cough and sputum are unreliable indicators: better to assess: chest tightness, walking up hill, adls (activities of daily living), leaving the house, sleep, energy levels in addition to cough + sputum, quality of life!
