ATS1281 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: White-Collar Crime, Infant Mortality, Social Ecology
7 Aug 2018
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Social disorganisation and the study of crime and space. 1890s-1930s: rapid shift to industrialisation, rational choice theory: industrialisation was a pool factor as it attracted people, created a new way of looking at society. Poor health, lower level of education, infant mortality/ prostitution. Deterministic assumptions about ecology" fails to account for the influence of city planning on settlement patterns and the characteristics of neighbourhoods. Development trajectories have changed since the 1920s and 1930s. For example, gentrification" has transformed many neighbourhoods that exhibit features of sdt because the property is valuable. Shaw and mckay used official statistics to map the geospatial distribution of juvenile offending. As they only account for street/ visible crime. Kornhauser (1978) argued that poverty, heterogeneity, and residential mobility negatively affected the ability of communities to maintain control. Stark (1987) identified five criminogenic characteristics of urban neighborhoods. Sampson argued that neighbourhood characteristics such as poverty and neighbourhood mobility undermine.
