BIO2231 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Bivalvia, Lophotrochozoa, Zooid
30 May 2018
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Lophophorates
• Triploblastic, coelomate, protostome
• Spiral cleavage
• Characterised by lophophore; feeding structure- crest of ciliated tentacles
• Some have trochophore larva
• Three phyla; bryozoan, brachiopoda; both are filter feeders, sessile when adults
Protostomia; blastopore becomes mouth
Deuterostome; blastopore becomes anus
Phylum Bryozoa
• Mainly marine, few freshwater, sessile
• Colonial; many zooids produced by asexual/also have sexual reproduction
• Live in container deposited by epithelium (membranous and hard part), chitinous exoskeleton
• Pores in between zooids (connected to eachother)
• Different types of zooids; feeding, defence, reproduction, sweeping
Cystid; builds case
• Some have avicular; like a bird beak for defence that is constantly attacking arthropods that are
threatening to invade colony
• Filter feeders with lophophore; crown of ciliated tentacles in each zooid, protruded by increased
coelomic fluid
• Most are hermaphroditic
• Itestie eds i u tue
• Anus and mouth are close together
• Gaseous exchange through body surface
• Ectoprocta; anus lies just outside lophophore structure
• Coelom in different compartment but all connected by tubes
• Can be similar to cnidarian coral (NOT a coral)
• Use hydrostatic pressure
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