BIO1022 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Glycerol, Poikilotherm, Gigantothermy
30 May 2018
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BIO1022 – Lecture 10
- positive feedback loops
• much less common in biological systems
•
o oxytocin and prostaglandins in child birth
o inflammation
o blood coagulation
o platelet aggregation
- temperature needs to be regulated - range depends on animal
- temperature sensitivity
• animal body temps limited to 0-50 degrees
• environmental temp range much greater
• animals may conform or regulate
• strategy determines survival range
• higher temp typically increases speed of metabolic reactions - activation
energy more easily reached
- Q10
• measure of increase in rate of any process with a 10 degree temp
increase
• if rate doubles - q10 = 2
• if rate triples Q10 = 3 etc
• may be rate of chemical reaction, diffusion, metabolism etc
• major consequences for animal - conformers in particular
- heat exchange processes
• conduction
•
o transfer of thermal motion - heat - between objects in direct
contact - heat moves down gradient - follows a diffusion gradient
o direct transfer of thermal energy at rate dependent on
conductivity
• convection
•
o transfer of heat by the movement of air or liquid past a surface
o transfer of thermal energy by movement of air or liquid
• radiation
•
o heat is emitted by all objects
o transfer by radiation when not in direct contact - doesn’t require
direct contact
o indirect heat transfer between objects
o colour important in absorptivity and emissivity at different
wavelengths
• evaporation
•
o removal of heat when liquid evaporates
o removal of heat by liquid losing ,molecules as gas
o occurs mainly though skin and respiratory surfaces
- thermal strategies
• ectothermic - outside source of heat
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