BIO 311 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6.5: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Fetal Hemoglobin, Enzyme Catalysis

49 views7 pages

amaranthtoad188

5 May 2018

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Which of the following has the highest

affinity for O2?

1. Hb A

2. Hb F

3. Hb S

Which of the following has the highest

affinity for O2?

1. H ! K

2. H ! R

3. H ! F

4. H ! S

Hb F has a higher affinity for oxygen than

Hb A because of which of the following

amino acid substitutions

1. H ! K

2. H ! R

3. H ! F

4. H ! S

Hb F has a higher affinity for oxygen than

Hb A because of which of the following

amino acid substitutions

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

• A detailed udestadig of the ehaiss of atio of enzymes is

essential for the design of effective drugs

• Lipito - (atorvastatin calcium) is a synthetic cholesterol-reducing agent.

Lipitor is an inhibitor of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme

A (HMG-CoA) reductase

• This eze atalzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, an

early and rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis

• Gleee - Imatinib mesylate (STI-571, Glivec, Gleevec) was discovered to

bind to the catalytic cleft of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase

• Gleee is a highly effective therapeutic option for the treatment of

chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) - a slowly progressing hematopoietic

find more resources at oneclass.com

Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-2 of the document.
Unlock all 7 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

malignancy leading to the accumulation (in the blood) of elevated

numbers of myeloid cells that are almost fully differentiated neutrophils

The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes

• Of all of the futios of poteis, atalsis is poal the ost

important

• I the asee of atalsis, ost iologial eatios ould take plae too

slowly to be of any use

• The ast ajoit of cellular enzymes are globular proteins (fibrous

proteins tend to have structural functions)

• Ezes ae highl effiiet atalsts ad a iease the ates of

reactions by factors as high as 1020 times that of the uncatalyzed

reaction

• No-enzymatic catalysts, in contrast, typically enhance the rate of

reaction by factors of 102 to 104

• Ezes ae haateized  eig highl speifi, ee to the poit of

being able to distinguish between stereoisomers of a given compound

Kinetics versus Thermodynamics

• The ate of a eatio ad its theodai faoailit ae to diffeet ut

related) topics

• The diffeee etee the eegies of the eatats ad the eegies of the

products of a reaction gives the energy change for that reaction - expressed as

the stadad fee eeg hage, o ΔG°

• Whethe a eatio is faoed o ot ill deped o ΔG°

• Ezes, like atalsts, speed up eatios, ut the aot alte the oeall fee

eeg hage ΔG°

• The eatio ate depeds o the fee energy of activation or activation energy

- ΔG°‡ - the energy input required to initiate the reaction

• The atiatio eeg fo a uatalzed eatio is highe tha that fo a

catalyzed reaction - in other words, an uncatalyzed reaction takes more energy to

get started - for this reason, its rate is slower than that of a catalyzed reaction

Kinetics versus Thermodynamics

find more resources at oneclass.com

Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-2 of the document.
Unlock all 7 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

Document Summary

Which of the following has the highest affinity for o2: hb a, hb f, hb s. Which of the following has the highest affinity for o2: h ! Hb a because of which of the following amino acid substitutions: h ! Hb f has a higher affinity for oxygen than. Hb a because of which of the following amino acid substitutions. The behavior of proteins: enzymes: a detailed u(cid:374)de(cid:396)sta(cid:374)di(cid:374)g of the (cid:373)e(cid:272)ha(cid:374)is(cid:373)s of a(cid:272)tio(cid:374) of enzymes is essential for the design of effective drugs, lipito(cid:396) - (atorvastatin calcium) is a synthetic cholesterol-reducing agent. Lipitor is an inhibitor of the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme. Kinetics versus thermodynamics: the (cid:396)ea(cid:272)tio(cid:374) of glu(cid:272)ose a(cid:374)d o(cid:454)(cid:455)ge(cid:374) gas to p(cid:396)odu(cid:272)e (cid:272)a(cid:396)(cid:271)o(cid:374) dio(cid:454)ide a(cid:374)d (cid:449)ate(cid:396) is a(cid:374) example of a reaction that requires a number of enzymatic catalysts: Kinetics versus thermodynamics: the f(cid:396)ee e(cid:374)e(cid:396)g(cid:455) of a(cid:272)ti(cid:448)atio(cid:374) p(cid:396)ofile fo(cid:396) a t(cid:455)pi(cid:272)al reaction. The reaction sho(cid:449)(cid:374) he(cid:396)e is e(cid:454)e(cid:396)go(cid:374)i(cid:272) (cid:894)e(cid:374)e(cid:396)g(cid:455) (cid:396)eleasi(cid:374)g, g < 0(cid:895).

Related Questions

1. You have the following prokaryotic DNA sequence: 5â²-GGACTAGACAATAGGGACCTAGAGATTCCGAAA-3â² 3â²-CCTGATCTGTTATCCCTGGATCTCTAAGGCTTT-5â² If the top strand is the template strand which sequence below is the correct mRNA transcript? A. 5â²-GGACUAGACAAUAGGGACCUAGAGAUUCCGAAAâ3â² B. 5'-UUUCGGAAUCUCUAGGUCCCUAUUGUCUAGUCC-3' C. 5'-CCUGAUCUGUUAUCCCUGGAUCUCUAAGGCUUU-3' D. None of the above are correct

2.Starting in the cytoplasm with a fully mature mRNA explain the process of translation initiation and then elongation and termination to me.

3.Prior to export from the nucleus, pre-mRNA must be processed. What specifically does this entail?

4.The biosynthetic pathway for the two amino acids E and H is shown schematically in the figure. You are able to show experimentally that E inhibits enzyme V, and H inhibits enzyme X. The most logical hypothesis regarding the regulation of Enzyme T would be that it is most likely subject to feedback inhibition by E alone. True or False?

5. A. kinase B. ligase C. polymerase D. oxido-reductase E. Phosphatase F. protease G. nuclease H. ATPase 1. Removes a phosphate group from a molecule 2. Hydrolyzes ATP 3. Hydrolyzes bonds between nucleotides 4. Adds phosphate groups to molecules 5. Catalyzes reactions in which one molecule is oxidized and another is reduced 6. Hydrolyzes peptide bonds 7. Joins two ends of DNA together 8. Catalyzes the synthesis of polymers such as RNA and DNA

6. Looking at the figure showing the change in reaction rate for two different enzymes that both utilize the same substrate, answer the following questions. a. What is the approximate Vmax for enzyme B ? b. What is the approximate Vmax for enzyme A ? c. What is the approximate Km for the enzyme which has a higher affinity for the substrate uM.

7. Answer the following question either yes or no (spell out the word, do not abbreviate as y or n). Looking at the following coupled reaction: Luciferase luciferin + O 2 ==========> oxyluciferin + light âG = + + Mg2+ ATP <=> AMP + PPi âG = - - - a. Based on your knowledge of free energy change and reactions would this coupled reaction occur ? b. Would changing the second step from ATP<=> AMP + PPi âG = - - - to ATP <=> ADP + Pi âG = - change your answer

7.Spontaneous reactions by definition will happen instantaneously. Why false?

8. Each of the following questions apply to the image of the channel protein. The purple sphere is a charged ion. Type your response to each question in the blank provided. a. Based you on what you know about cells and ions, what does the tri-lobed red and white molecule represent (although there aren't anywhere near enough of them shown) ? b. Since the question stated the purple sphere was a charged particle, using what you know about the tri-lobed red and white molecule what is the charge of the purples sphere c. On the extracellular space, on the right side of the purple sphere, there are two tri-lobed red and white molecules in close proximity to one another. The red of one appears to be attracted to the white of the other. What type of bond is this ? d. Based on your knowledge of proteins that interact with the membrane and the properties of the membrane, to what family of amino acids would the amino acid marked by A. most likely belong? ?

BIO 311 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6.5: Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Fetal Hemoglobin, Enzyme Catalysis

Document Summary

Get access

Related textbook solutions

Molecular Cell Biology

Biology: Science for Life with Physiology

Biology

Concepts of Biology

Essentials of Biology

Related Documents

BCH210H1 Lecture 6: Lecture 6

L07 Chem 481 Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Oxaloacetic Acid, Pyruvic Acid, Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase

PHAR 430 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Hmg-Coa Reductase, Lovastatin, Statin

Related Questions