ENGL 2001 Chapter : Chp 3 Philosophies
Document Summary
Study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, & existence new oxford american dictionary. Helps us better understand who we are, why we are here, & where we are going. Education philosophy helps define views about learners, teachers, & schools. Considered oldest philosophy of western culture; the world or mind, ideas & reason is primary. Metaphysics: stresses mind over matter ( nothing is real except for an idea in the mind. Axiology: values are rooted in reality; idealist believe that values can be classified & ordered into a hierarchy. Plato: greek philosopher; father of idealism; allegory of the cave from the republic. Augustine: theologian of 4th & 5th centuries; applied plato"s assumptions to christian thought. The antithesis of idealism; universe exists whether mind perceives it or not. Metaphysics: reality composed of matter (body) & form (mind) Aristotle: father of realism; student of plato; argued that knowledge can be acquired through senses. Francis bacon: advanced a rigorous form of inductive reason.
