BIOL 2153 Chapter : Chapter 11 Notes
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What step in DNA replication precedes the pairing of complementary bases?
A. | polymerization of DNA. | |
B. | formation of the histone core. | |
C. | mitotic division. | |
D. | separation of the two strands. | |
E. | joining of the two strands. |
In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the
A. | ribosome. | |
B. | mitochondria. | |
C. | cell membrane. | |
D. | cytoplasm. | |
E. | nucleus. |
Normal human body cells contain how many chromosomes?
A. | 46 | |
B. | 22 | |
C. | 23 | |
D. | 44 | |
E. | 42 |
Hershey and Chase performed an experiment in which they used radioactive isotopes to phosphorus and sulfur to label different components of bacterial viruses. Their results clearly showed that
A. | the viruses did not contain protein. | |
B. | genetic material normally contains radioactive isotopes. | |
C. | the viruses did not contain DNA. | |
D. | protein was entering into the infected bacteria. | |
E. | DNA was entering into the infected bacteria. |
A package of histones with DNA wrapped around them forms spherical structures called
A. | nucleosomes. | |
B. | lysosomes. | |
C. | ribosomes. | |
D. | nucleoli. | |
E. | chromatin. |
DNA replication
A. | does not require proteins. | |
B. | is constantly happening in a cell. | |
C. | occurs in G1 of interphase. | |
D. | takes place in the nucleus of the cell. | |
E. | occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. |
The two subunits of the ribosome join during
A. | promotion of transcription. | |
B. | initiation of translation. | |
C. | termination of transcription. | |
D. | termination of translation. | |
E. | elongation. |
DNA replication of a single DNA molecule is referred to as semiconservative because
A. | each of the two DNA molecules will consist of one parental strand and one newly synthesized strand. | |
B. | all the DNA strands in the two DNA molecules will have both parental and newly synthesized DNA. | |
C. | it results in two nonidentical DNA molecules. | |
D. | of the two DNA molecules, one is made up totally of parental DNA, while the other is entirely newly synthesized DNA. | |
E. | one DNA strand is replicated continuously, while the other must be replicated discontinuously. |
The bases are bonded to what part of the backbone of the DNA molecule?
A. | the 4â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. | |
B. | the 3â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. | |
C. | the 5â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. | |
D. | the 1â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. | |
E. | the 2â carbon atom of the sugar molecule. |
1. | In addition to identifying the genetic material, the experiments of Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty with different strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated that | ||||||||||
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2. | In order to show that DNA in cell extracts is responsible for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae, important corroborating evidence should indicate that _______ also destroy transforming activity. | ||||||||||
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3. | Based on what you have learned about the experiments conducted by Griffith and Avery and colleagues with bacteria, which of the following would result in transformation of living R cells? | ||||||||||
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4. | A-T base pairs in a DNA double helix | ||||||||||
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5. | If 23 percent of the bases in a sample of double-stranded DNA are adenine, what percentage of the bases are uracil? | ||||||||||
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6. | The uniform diameter of the DNA structure provides evidence for | ||||||||||
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7. | If a sequence of one strand of DNA is 5â²-TGACTATC-3â², what is the complementary strand? | ||||||||||
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8. | What structural aspect of the DNA facilitates dissociation of the two DNA strands for replication? | ||||||||||
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9. | If the MeselsonâStahl density gradient experiment had resulted in two bands of DNA molecules after only one round of replication, one containing only 15N and the second only 14N, this result would have indicated that replication was | ||||||||||
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10. | The nucleoside analogue acyclovir, which is used to treat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, lacks a 3â² hydroxyl group (âOH). Predict what will happen if the host cell DNA polymerase incorporates a molecule of acyclovir into an elongating strand of HSV DNA. | ||||||||||
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11. | Which of the following does not demonstrate the stability of the DNA double helix? | ||||||||||
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12. | What effect would a primase inhibitor have on DNA replication? | ||||||||||
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13. | To replicate their DNA in a timely manner, most eukaryotic chromosomes | ||||||||||
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14. | Which statement about DNA replication is false? | ||||||||||
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15. | In many eukaryotes, there are repetitive sequences called telomeres at the ends of chromosomes. After successive rounds of DNA replication, the _______ strand becomes shorter. In some cells, an enzyme called _______ repairs the shortened strand. | ||||||||||
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16. | A researcher studies normal human fibroblast cells. They can be maintained in culture but die off after about 30 cell generations. Unexpectedly, a colony of cells continues to survive and divide past 30 generations. Which scenario is most likely true for these cells? | ||||||||||
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17. | If DNA polymerase III introduces an incorrect nucleotide, what is the first corrective action made by the DNA repair system? | ||||||||||
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18. | Choose the correct order of the following four events in the excision repair of DNA: (1) Base-paired DNA is made complementary to the template. (2) Damaged bases are recognized. (3) DNA ligase seals the new strand to existing DNA. (4) Part of a single strand is excised. | ||||||||||
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19. | Six complete cycles of PCR should result in a _______-fold increase in the amount of DNA. | ||||||||||
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20. | When double-stranded DNA is heated to temperatures above 90°C, it denatures. Denaturation is a process that | ||||||||||
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