ANTH 1001 Chapter : ANTH 1001 Note3
Document Summary
A change in allele frequencies in a population or species over time (or across generations) The only way of introducing new alleles into a species. Most mutations are harmful or neutral to an organism. The spread (or increase of frequency) of mutant alleles in a population or species is by natural selection. A change in one nucleotide and caused by an error in replication of a chromosome. Consequences of a point mutation: no change in the amino acid sequence of the protein. Because one codon can code for the same thing (neutral: there is a change in the amino acid sequence = a new protein is formed. The position of a gene on a chromosome may be important in its phenotypical expression. A change in the position of a gene can change the phenotype. A few easily distinguishable phenotypes in a population. Genetic basis = one gene determines the phenotypical trait. Genetic basis = traits showing up are polygenic.
