PHIL 201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Hasty Generalization, False Dilemma, Ad Hominem
30 Sep 2016
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Chapter 5 - fallacies: fallacies: a defective argument. Occurs in both deductive & inductive arguments: formal fallacy: results from an invalid argument form. Only occurs for deductive arguments: informal fallacy: results due to the content of the argument, fallacies of irrelevant premises: arguments that have premises that are logically irrelevant to the conclusion, even though they psychologically relevant. Genetic: a claim that is true or false simply because of its origin: don"t like something that is bigger than just the individual saying the argument. Ad hominem (appeal to the person): claims that we shouldn"t believe an argument because of some property about the arguer himself. Composition: when you falsely take what is being said about the properties of the parts & incorrectly applying it to the whole: about a class of objects. Division: when you incorrectly attribute the properties of the whole to each part of the whole: composition & division fallacies are often found in statical arguments.
