PSY230H5 Chapter Notes -Nuclear Family
Document Summary
Motives and values and related notions (i. e. goals, desires) share basic assumption that behavoiur is often caused by desired outcome or ideal state. People often behave in certain way to close the gap between current and desired state. Goals are the most immediate cause of behaviour (psychological causes of behavoiur); goals are assumed to be consciously accessible (motives not so clear) Goals are concrete and specific whereas motives are more abstract; motives explain why people have specific goals. Goals and motives are related but relationship can be weak because the same goal can be related to different motives. Two types of measures to study individual differences in motives- explicit measures that use rating scales and implicit measures that use projective tests. Difficult to prove existence of ultimate motive and possible to find examples in which people prefer different motives (vary in importance) 10 list of motives by schwartz called values (abstract guiding principles of behaviour) self-enhancement (power/achievement), contrasts self-transcendence (universalism/benevolence).
