Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, whichencodes for a chloride channel. You are studying cystic fibrosispatients to determine what mutation they possess in the CFTR gene.The difference between the mutant and wild type CFTR genes can beuncovered by examining the CFTR:
(1 point - partial possible)
DNA
mRNA
protein
2.
You decide to identify the CFTR mutation by analyzing thegenomic DNA of your patients compared to genomic DNA of healthyindividuals. You specifically are looking to see whether a specificgene truncation has occurred in the patients. You will determinethis using hybridization techniques. Which of the following willallow you to accomplish this?
(1 point - partial possible)
Using an RNA probe complementary to the region not removed bythe truncation.
Using an RNA probe complementary to the region removed by thetruncation.
Using an DNA probe complementary to the region not removed bythe truncation.
Using an DNA probe complementary to the region removed by thetruncation.
3.
You would like to ensure that this experiment (to determinewhether patients have a specific CFTR gen truncation usinghybridization) is properly controlled. Which of the followingsamples must you include?
(1 point - partial possible)
The genome of a healthy individual who does not have CFTR.
The genome of a CFTR patient known to have the specifictruncation you are trying to identify.
The genome of a CFTR patient with a point mutation in a separateregion of the gene but without the disease truncation.
The genome of a healthy individual married to a CFTR patientwith the specific truncation you are trying to identify.
The genome of a patient with muscular dystrophy, which can bedue to a trucation in the dystrophin gene.
4.
To conduct the hybridization experiment, you are trying todecide between using a DNA or RNA probe. Which would be a betterchoice and why?
(1 point)
An RNA probe because RNA has uracil bases.
An RNA probe because it could also be used in a translationexperiment.
A DNA probe because it is more stable than RNA.
A DNA probe because RNA cannot bind to DNA.
5.
Which of the following will lower the Tm of a given DNAstrand?
(1 point - partial possible)
Increasing the percentage of GC base pairs.
Raising the pH of the solution from extremely acidic toneutral.
Decreasing the salt concentration in the DNA solution from 50mMNaCl to 5mM NaCl.
None of the above.
6.
Imagine Hershey/Chase had used an RNA virus (genome composed ofRNA) instead of a DNA virus in their experiment. Wouldradioactivity still have been found in the pellet?
(1 point)
A.No, because only DNA can be labeled with radioactivity.
B.No, because the RNA genome would not enter the bacteria uponinfection.
C. No, because while DNA and RNA nucleotides are similar, theyare not identical.
D. Yes, because DNA and RNA nucleotides are similar.
7.
Griffith and Avery's transformation experiments allowed us toidentify that DNA is our genetic information. Which of thefollowing scenarios would result in bacterial cells that arecapable of killing mice upon injection?
(1 point - partial possible)
A. Heat killed non-virulent bacteria is added to a live virulentbacteria strain.
B. Heat killed virulent bacteria is added to a heat killednon-virulent bacteria strain.
C. A heat killed virulent bacteria that is treated with anuclease, is then added to a non-virulent bacteria strain.
D.Heat killed mouse cells are added to a non-virulentbacteria.
8.
The human genome consists mostly of non-coding DNA. Which of thefollowing are benefits of this?
(1 point - partial possible)
A. Random DNA mutations generally won't affect RNA and proteinfunction.
B. It is faster to duplicate the genome when these arepresent.
C. The existence of introns can lead to multiple variations ofproteins encoded by a single gene.
D. Abundant non-coding genome is a protective feature againstthe consequences of transposition of mobile elements.
