PSYC 1020H Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Brainstem, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Meninges
13 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
Cells in the nervous system are either neurons or glia. Neuron - cells that receive, integrate, and transmit information. Soma/cell body - contains nucleus and chemical machinery common to most cells. Dendrites - parts of a neuron specialized to receive information. Axon - long, thin fibre that transmits signals away from the soma to other neurons or to muscles or glands. Myelin sheath -insulating material that encases some axons. Terminal buttons - small knobs that secrete neurotransmitters. Synapse - a junction where two neurons meet to transmit information. Information is received at the dendrites, passed through the soma and along the axon, and is transmitted through synapses to other dendrites. Glia - cells that provide various types of support for neurons. Supply nourishment, remove waste products, provide insulation for axons. Resting potential - stable, negative charge when the cell is inactive. Neurons are like batteries - inactive, but charged, until stimulated.
