PSYC 1020H Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroglia, Curare
25 Jan 2017
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Neurons: individual cells in the nervous system that receive, integrate, and transmit information. Speeds up transmission of signals that move along axons. Degeneration results in signals not being transmitted effectively (ex. multiple sclerosis and loss of muscle control: terminal buttons: small knobs that secrete chemicals called neurotransmitters. Nt serve as messengers: synapse: junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to another. Information received at dendrites passed through soma travels along axons transmitted to dendrites of other cells at synapses. Alzhei(cid:373)e(cid:396)(cid:859)s: send and receive chemical signals, experience of chronic pain, psychological disorders (schizophrenia, mood disorders) Neural impulse: resting potential: stable, negative charge when the cell is inactive. Both inside and outside the neuron are fluids containing electrically charged ions. The cell membrane is semi-permeable, permitting movement of ions. Positive charged ions (sodium, potassium) and negatively charged ions (chloride) move back and forth, but do not cross at the same rate.
