NURS 165 Study Guide - Final Guide: Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Sodium Channel
Seizure Med Notes 4/24/2015 7:36:00 PM
Incorrect dosing of Penicillin can cause seizures
Sodium channels have activated state, and resting state
• But remember that inactive state in between!
Mechanisms of Action
• Decrease sodium influx
• Decrease calcium influx
*These two are good, because this decrease of influx makes cell
more electronegative → less AP
• Dec. glutamate activity
o Less excitatory
• Inc. GABA activity
o More electronegative
* THESE ARE THE ONES YOU NEED TO KNOW*
In real life, much more MOAs. But for this class this is all you need to know.
• Valproic acid is kind of all over the place. One of those all of the
above answers. But it doesn’t decrease glutamate.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
• AEDs bind to Na channel when it’s inactive! Keep it there for
prolonged period of time. Helps reduce those seizures.
All the drugs are different
• Identify AED similarities
• Differentiate between them though!
• MAKE A SIMILARITIES/DIFFERENCES TABLE!!
Similarities
• Most drugs get metabolized one way or another. Some have active
metabolites.
o But much less. Some aren’t at all.
• Some are high-protein binding
• Some have really long half lives!
• Most have linear curves. Higher the dose, more it’s concentrated
o Phenytoin is this way at low dose.
o But as you inc. dose, a slight increase can cause a huge
plasma concentration increase – why?
▪ Enzymes metabolizing that drug get saturated quick.
The rest will have to wait in line. Know this!! ☺
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Sodium channels have activated state, and resting state: but remember that inactive state in between! Mechanisms of action: decrease sodium influx, decrease calcium influx. *these two are good, because this decrease of influx makes cell more electronegative less ap: dec. glutamate activity, less excitatory, inc. gaba activity, more electronegative. * these are the ones you need to know* But for this class this is all you need to know: valproic acid is kind of all over the place. One of those all of the above answers. But it doesn"t decrease glutamate: aeds bind to na channel when it"s inactive! Keep it there for prolonged period of time. All the drugs are different: identify aed similarities, differentiate between them though, make a similarities/differences table! Similarities: most drugs get metabolized one way or another. Some have active metabolites: but much less. Some aren"t at all: some are high-protein binding, some have really long half lives, most have linear curves.
