BIOL 101 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Monocotyledon, Plasmid, Plant Cell

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Part ii: three mechanisms exist by which sexual reproduction produces new genotype combinations. One mechanism involves the random combinations of eggs and sperm (fertilization). What are the other two mechanisms and in what stage of meiosis does each occur? (4 points: a. If an organism has a diploid state of 2n=28 chromosomes, what is the number of chromosomes after the first meiotic division? (2 points) b. What is the number of chromosomes after the second meiotic division? (2 points: an individual with the genotype rrqq for two independently segregating loci is crossed with an individual with genotype rrqq. Calculate, using probabilities, the proportion of offspring that will have the genotype rrqq. If these same two genes are linked and there is no recombination, how many genotypes would be found among the progeny of this same cross? (rrqq x rrqq) (2 points: a. i have blood type o.

Related Questions

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 1 options:

	gamete
	somatic cells
	zygote
	sexual reproduction

1.	Reproductive life cycle that involves an alternation between haploid and diploid cells
2.	A single cell with a diploid number of chromosomes resulting from the fusion of an egg and a sperm.
3.	Cells (egg or sperm) resulting from a meiotic division of germ-line cells
4.	The non-reproductive cells found in embryos and mature individuals

Question 2 (5 points)

Match the terms to the definitions provided.

Question 2 options:

	syngamy
	haploid
	meiosis
	diploid
	germ-line cells

1.	The cells that will eventually undergo meiosis to produce gametes.
2.	The number of chromosomes found in gametes (eggs or sperm).
3.	The process by which two haploid gametes fuse to form a new diploid cell.
4.	A specialized reduction division that produces cells with half the normal number of chromosomes.
5.	Two sets of chromosomes present in the somatic cells of adult individuals.

Which statements pertaining to genetic variability are correct? Check all that apply (note that wrong answers will be deducted from right answers)!

Crossing over is defined by the exchange of chromosome pieces during metaphase one of meiosis.

If a germ cell (i.e. parent cell before meiosis) had only two pairs of homologous chromosomes (i.e. 4 chromosomes total) there are 2 possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in gametes.

Siblings produced by sexual reproduction are different because sperms are different from one another and eggs are different from one another, and the combination of an egg and sperm is basically unique.

Random fertilization means that all possible combinations of eggs and sperm are equally likely, i.e. it is pure chance which sperm fuses with which egg.

Individual chromosomes contain thousands of genes. This means that during each crossing over event, more than one gene is exchanged between paternal and maternal chromosomes.

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What is the purpose of meiosis?

To enable an organism to produce gametes

To allow for growth

To allow an organism to replace damaged cells

Question 2

Select one answer.

10 points

Mitosis results in ________ and meiosis results in ________.

gametes, somatic cells

gametes, gametes

somatic cells, somatic cells

somatic cells, gametes

Question 3

Select one answer.

10 points

Which of the following tasks is accomplished through the processof meiosis?

Cell growth

Production of sperm or eggs

Replacement of dysfunctional cells

Question 4

Select one answer.

10 points

What advantage does sexual reproduction have over asexualreproduction?

All other selections are true.

Sexual reproduction provides more genetic variability

Sexual reproduction doubles the number of chromosomes in aspecies

Sexual reproduction is more efficient

Question 5

Select one answer.

10 points

Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes during whatstage of cell division? (Read each option carefully.)

Prophase I of meiosis

Prophase of mitosis

Prophase II of meiosis

Interphase

Question 6

Select one answer.

10 points

Corn has 20 chromosomes. When corn undergoes meiosis how manychromosomes are found in the gametes?

Question 7

Select one answer.

10 points

Homologous chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite sidesof the cell during what stage of cell division? (Read each optioncarefully.)

Metaphase I of meiosis

Anaphase II of meiosis

Anaphase I of meiosis

Anaphase of mitosis

Question 8

Select one answer.

10 points

Mitosis results in ______ cells and meiosis results in _______cells.

diploid, haploid

haploid, diploid

diploid, diploid

haploid, haploid

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BIOL 101 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Monocotyledon, Plasmid, Plant Cell

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