BIOL 512 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Forkhead Box L2, Turner Syndrome, Dmrt1
Document Summary
Endocrinology exam 4 review: lecture 18: sex determination. The embryonic gonad is bipotential and will develop into ovary or testis. The sry gene on the y chromosome encodes sox9 which leads to testes. Without sry, the gonad becomes an ovary: testes produce testosterone which defeminizes gonad and masculinizes it. Leydig cells produce testosterone which causes the wolffian duct to persist and develop into male ug tract. Testosterone converted to dht causes masculinization of genitalia. Testosterone converted into estrogen masculinizes the brain: sertoli cells produce amh/mih which causes regression of the mullerian duct (which becomes the female ug tract) In abscense of dht and amh; the wolffian duct will regress and the mullerian duct persists. A knockout of this will lead to feminization. Androgen insensitivity syndrome: inability of the testis to respond to androgen. The masculinization of the male genitalia is impaired. Female phenotype despite xx karyotype and presence of testis.
