LIFE 121- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 31 pages long!)

• School: UNL
• Department: Life Sciences
• Course: LIFE 121
• Professor: Roberto Cortinas

Document Summary

Dna as the genetic material: prokaryotes, first organisms to inhabit earth, although simple, they are not (cid:862)pri(cid:373)itive(cid:863) I(cid:374)foldi(cid:374)g"s of (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)ra(cid:374)es: basic features, small, most are single celled, external structures, shapes, cell wall, capsule, fimbriae, pili, flagella. I(cid:374)foldi(cid:374)g"s of plas(cid:373)a (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)ra(cid:374)e: nucleoid, no membrane-bound nucleus, dna organization, chromosome, circular, plasmid. Independently replicating dna molecules: few genes, endospore, resistance cell, g, response to stress, lack of nutrients, contains genetic material, resistant to heat, desiccation, freezing, long-lived, (cid:1005),(cid:1004)(cid:1004)"s years. In eukaryotes, energy metabolism is largely the product of endosymbiosis: aerobic respiration: alpha-protobacterium > mitochondria, oxygenic photosynthesis: cyanobacterium > chloroplast, evidence for the endosymbiotic theory, biochemistry. Important producers: convert co2 to organic compounds, diatomaceous earth, fossilized diatom walls, sar clade: stramenopiles: brown algae, largest and most complex algae, marine environments, temperate cool coasts, all multicellular. Individual consists of more than one cell and specialization of cells, tissues, or organs: margins of ocean and land.