MMW 12 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Roman Empire, Christianity, Messiah
12 Oct 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
MMW 12
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
1/11/17 Lecture - Ancient Rome: From Republic to Empire
Alexander: 300 BC
conquered Persia
Hellenistic world
Hellenism = Greek culture beyond Greece, mixed with other cultures
Built temples of their gods
Italy was not part of this. Rome was already thriving at the same time
Rome
began as hilltop villages
Why would you build your community at the top of the hill? Easier to defend
700 BC: hilltop villages for Rome
Romulus: founder of hilltop towns
Ruled by Kings (from small territories)
How did Rome grow from a hilltop village
Roman history
kings 700 BC
end of kings: rape of Lucretia, Brutus
Lucretia: was miserable and killed herself
Husband wanted to seek revenge for her
His friend, Brutus kills the King
republic 500 BC
expansion of territory, wars, with Carthage
Civil war
Consuls (2): have to agree with each other in order to pass policies
Expansion of Rome —> Expand throughout Italy
If we form an alliance with surrounding communities, it’s a good idea
Began picking off territories to form an alliances
Punic Wars (Rome vs. Carthage)
War with Carthage for over 100 yrs
1st war - 20 years. Carthage says to keep Sicily
Carthage expanded into Spain
Hannibal took his elephants and army into Italy. For 15 years, his armies
were marching down.
General name Scipio “Africanus” took his troop and went to Carthage.
Came to North Africa and attack Carthage. He got rid of Hannibal.
Unintentional empire —> intentional imperial expansion
Agressive imperialism
emperors 31 BC
Spread over to Mediterranean and Middle East
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Italy (Map)
High mountains (Alps)
Government of the Roman Republic (500 BC - 45 BC)
2 consuls
Senate
Assembly
Creation of Roman Forum
Temples
Market places
How did expansion change life in Rome?
Increasing wealth, multiculturalism, number of slaves, disparity between rich and poor,
class conflict and internal hostilities. Loss of faith in and respect for the Senate
3rd-2nd century = struggle with Carthage (external conflict)
1st century BC = struggle power within Rome (internal conflict)
Consuls: Pompey (rich man consul) and Julius (populist)
Julius Caesar
assassinated after 5 yrs
Reason: They wanted protect the Republic.
crossing the Rubicon
Marched his troops to Rubicon and stage a military coup
How can state protect itself from its own military?
Julius Populist policies:
Aid to small farmers
Public works projects to create jobs
Prohibition against selling oneself into slavery
creating the paying the job
Requirement that farming include minimum 1/3 paid laborers (not only slave labors)
Goes back to Republic after Julius died
Civil War: Octavian —> Augustus (supreme, used only for the god). He wanted to be the
divine emperor. He didn’t like people calling him LORD.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
1/11/17 lecture - ancient rome: from republic to empire. Hellenism = greek culture beyond greece, mixed with other cultures. Rome was already thriving at the same time. How did rome grow from a hilltop village. Roman history kings 700 bc end of kings: rape of lucretia, brutus. His friend, brutus kills the king republic 500 bc expansion of territory, wars, with carthage. Consuls (2): have to agree with each other in order to pass policies. If we form an alliance with surrounding communities, it"s a good idea. Began picking o territories to form an alliances. Hannibal took his elephants and army into italy. For 15 years, his armies were marching down. General name scipio africanus took his troop and went to carthage. Unintentional empire > intentional imperial expansion emperors 31 bc. Government of the roman republic (500 bc - 45 bc) Increasing wealth, multiculturalism, number of slaves, disparity between rich and poor, class con ict and internal hostilities.
