LIFESCI 15 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Kin Selection, Heredity, Eye Contact
2/5/18 20 multiple choice, 6 short answer
1. Scientific thinking, what is it for? And be able to use it
- I , L’Oéal as foud FTC to hae ade false lais that its skiae poduts had ati-
agig…isil ouge ski i 7 das. What oseatios should L’Oéal poide to sa that thei
claims are true?
- Articulate hypothesis, the experiment, how you would interpret the data and what it means
2. How does a hypothesis differ from a theory or prediction?
3. What does it mean to control an experiment?
- Randomized control, double blind
4. Compare and contrast superstition, anecdotal observations, and pseudoscience
5. If more and more observations support a hypothesis, do you predict it to be true? If not, why?
- NO
- You do’t poe it tue, ou get to a poit hee ou have so much confidence (different
researchers, different critical experiments)
- Poit of eig so ofidet it’s tue
6. What is evolution? How can it occur?
- 4 ways: NS, genetic drift, mutation, migration (genetic flow)
- Ex: antibiotic resistant strains of microbes that cause illness
7. What is natural selection and how does it work?
- Most important
- 3 conditions: heritability, variability, differential reproductive success
- Natual seletio is oe of as eolutio a ou, it ous he the oditios … are
satisfied it happens when dog breeders breed dogs for bigger ears
8. What ideas and observations influenced Darwin?
- In his time people thought that everyone was put on the planet at the same time but he saw
thigs that did’t fit ito this idea
9. What is artificial selection and why does it almost always work?
- Artificial selection is natural selection but humans choose the differential reproduction success
- Alas oks thee’s aiatio ad heitailit
- If we choose the differential reproductive success that iplies that thee’s aiatio
- Need to have the 3 conditions satisfied
- Ex: bred fruit flies to have super hairy (bristle) legs
10. Ho is geeti dift elated to Medel’s st law?
- Genetic drift: random change in allele frequencies
- Law of segregation: organism starts as gametes but fertilization brings it up to the normal set of
pairs of chromosomes
11. Sexual selection, what is it and why does it sometimes lead to tradeoffs?
- Maiize epodutie suess hile haig the; ostl taits
- Natural selection where female choose males based off of important traits
i. One sex choosing the differential reproductive success
- Directional selection will occur for that trait → lead to tradeoffs
i. Ex: huge tail feather in peacocks are hard to live with
12. Reaction norms: how does the slope describe the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes?
- Explain the graph
- All the possible phenotypes from a genotype if you could raise that genotype in all types of
environments
- Aout the eioet’s ifluee
- Nature vs nurture
- Flat o of eatio eas the eioet does’t hage the pheotpe
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Document Summary
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