BIOC 405 Midterm: PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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ochreporcupine180

30 Nov 2016

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Department

Biochemistry

Course

BIOC 405

Professor

D I M A I O

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Document Summary

The -subunit rotates within the (cid:573)(cid:574)-subunits causing conformational changes in the (cid:574)-subunit, causing it to bind adp and phosphate, close up and synthesize atp. The atp synthase is big, it dimerizes and helps forld cristae. Studies show that they modify the way cristae fold. They not only keep the cell alive and active, but if the cell needs to die, atp is very important for this process. 8 protons are required to turn atp synthase one whole cycle (in humans). In the respiratory cascade, for every nadh that goes through, it pumps a total of 10 protons. There are about 2. 7 protons translocated per atp. When this is actually measured (the amount of atp per nadh that goes through), the yield is 2. 5 atps for every nadh that enters complex i. For every fadh2 it is about 1. 5 atp. Therefore the actual atp yield will always be a little bit less than the maximum.

Related Questions

1.Bacteriorhodopsin is a protein that has 7 alpha helices embedded in the cell membrane. As such, how many start-transfer and stop-transfer sequences would it need?

7 start transfer sequences, 6 stop transfer sequences

7 of each, in alternating fashion

4 start transfer sequences and 3 stop transfer sequences

7 start transfer sequences

2. The role of GTP hydrolysis by the Signal Recognition Particle during cotranslational translocation to the ER is

to release the SRP after docking to the translocon so translation can resume.

to open the gate/pore of the translocon into the ER.

to arrest translation so that synthesis does not finish before the peptide is delivered to the translocon.

to allow binding to the ribosome.

3. The cisternal maturation model is just one model that describes how objects might move through the Golgi. Some of the statements below describing the cisternal maturation model are correct and some are incorrect. Select all the incorrect descriptions.

There's no need for retrograde movement

Vesicles bud off from the Trans Golgi Network toward the plasma membrane

Vesicular tubules move materials from the cis to medial Golgi networks.

There are no vesicles moving in the anterograde direction

4. Select all statements that are correct concerning electron transport and ATP synthesis during photosynthesis in chloroplasts.

Each photosystem (I and II) pump protons.

Protons are pumped into the lumen of the thylakoid.

The bulb of the synthase projects into the stroma

Photosystem I is reduced directly by Photosystem II

5. Select all that are true about ATP synthesis with an F_oF₁ synthase complex.

Each ADP+Pi is transferred from one beta subunit in Open conformation to a second beta subunit in Loose conformation and finally to the 3rd beta subunit in the T conformation

As the gamma subunit rotates to each beta subunit, it forces them to the open state.

As the gamma subunit rotates to a particular beta subunit, the unit before it changes conformation to Tight and the one ahead of it changes to Loose

As the gamma subunit rotates to a particular beta subunit, the unit before it changes conformation to Loose and the one ahead of it changes to Tight

All 3 beta subunits are always in a different conformation (open, loose, or tight)

6. The number of ATPs per NADH generated by the electron transport system is higher than the number generated per FADH2 because __________.

		electrons from FADH₂ are not oxidized all the way to water
		NADH is converted to NAD⁺, which increases the charge gradient for ATP synthesis
		FADH₂ has a lower (less negative) redox potential than NADH does
		FADH₂ has a higher (more negative) redox potential than NADH does

BIOC 405 Midterm: PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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