BIOL 309 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Dihybrid Cross, Sister Chromatids, Meiosis
Document Summary
Mitosis: clonal replication, for somatic cells, stages. Migrate to the equatorial plane of the cell. Centromere splits and sister chromatids separate (disjunction) from each other. Chromosomes decadence and nuclear membrane forms around them. The splitting of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. Meiosis: replication and pairing of homologous chromosomes with 2 rounds of division creating. 4 daughter cells (gametes: cells are haploid, shuffles genetic composition, 50%/50% chance. Aa genotype can produce two gametes, an a or an a. Characteristics of chromosomes: heterochromatin, euchromatin, centromeres: attaches the sister chromatids to each other, splits during anaphase, telomeres. Me(cid:374)del"s pri(cid:374)ciples: dominance and segregation: that a dominant allele can mask a recessive allele, principle of independent assortment: that two heterozygous loci (genes) can produce 4 gametes. Ggww can produce, gw, gw, gw, gw. Dihybrid cross(ggww x ggww) = a 9:3:3:1 ratio. Dihybrid cross (aabb x aabb) = a 1:1:1:1 ratio.