VB SC 050S Quiz: VBSC Study Guide Quiz 4

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Calorie: the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water through 1 c (4. 1868 j) Hyperglycemia: excess of glucose in the bloodstream, often caused by diabetes mellitus. Hypoglycemia: de ciency of glucose in the bloodstream. Metabolic syndrome: a group of risk factors that increase risk for diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke, including abdominal obesity ( apple shape ), high triglyceride level, low hdl cholesterol, high blood pressure, high fasting blood sugar. Polydipsia: abnormally great thirst as a symptom of a disease or disorder. Polyuria: unusually excessive production and/or passage of urine. Rickets: a disease affecting children caused by a de ciency of vitamin d, characterized by imperfect calci cation, softening, and distortion of the bones resulting in bowed legs. Osteoporosis: a disease characterized by a loss of tissue causing brittle and fragile bones, usually caused by hormonal changes, calcium de ciency, or vitamin d de ciency.