ANTH 1001 : Exam 2 Notes
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Examples: sickle cell and other red blood cell variants; lactose sufficiency. Lactase enzymes that allows you to digest lactose, which is a sugar in milk. Lactose intolerance deficiency in lactase: symptoms: diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, gas. Humans can digest milk as babies, but most of us lose the ability after weaning. Adults in some populations are lactose intolerant. Populations with long histories of dairying are typically lactose tolerant: mutation for ability to digest milk as adults would have provided a natural selective advantage. Definition: polytypism phenotypically different populations in a species. Polytypism is result of diversity of environments that we inhabit. Our populations diversify because of natural selection, but our populations remain within a single species because of gene flow. Race not a biologically useful grouping of humans. Melanin is produced in melanocytes, which are in epidermis of skin. Melanin is packaged: into granules called melanosomes. Melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes, which are also in epidermis.
