CJUS-P 200 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Walter M. Miller Jr., Trust Law, Subculture
12 Oct 2018
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CJUS-P 200
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Crime & Deviance
• What is rie?
o Legalistic- approach to defining crime
▪ Any culpable action or inaction prohibited by law and punishable by the
state as a misdemeanor or felony
o Issues related to legalistic definition
▪ Culpability &legal defense (actus reus & mens rea)
▪ Crime distinction (felonies & misdemeanors)
▪ Mala in se vs. Mala prohibitia
• Wrong in of its self (murder), wrong because the law says so
o Criminological- approach to defining crime
▪ Violations of social norms
• Folkways (unspoken rules), mores (more serious rules), laws
(written down, hang around longer)
• Relativity of crime and deviance
• Making rules, breaking rules, and social reactions to breaking
rules
• Measuring crime
o Measuring crime video
▪ In the light crimes
• Crimes reported (interpersonal)
o Eg: robbery -people want their things back
▪ In the dark crimes
• Crimes not reported
o Eg: sexual assault-Feeling of guilt
o How do we measure crime?
▪ Three common sources of data
• Official crime stats
o Medical records
• Victimization surveys
• Self-report studies
• UCR
o Uniform crime report
o Collected by police
o Voluntary (but mostly everyone does it)
o Type of crimes in UCR
▪ Part 1
• 8 crimes the FBI combines to produce its annual crime index
o 4 violent
o 4 non-violent
▪ Part 2
• less serious crimes
o Crimes known to the police
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
▪ On the job, told about it
▪ Do’t alas reord alls eause ot all alls reeied are for ries
▪ What occurs more violent crimes or property crimes
o Crimes cleared by arrest
o Advantages
▪ Most complete data set on criminals in the US
▪ Examine percent change in crime
o Problems
▪ Only report most serious crimes
▪ Not detailed
▪ Do’t teat other ries as serious shapig otios of hat tpe of rie
is important and worth our time)
o Alternative ways for info
▪ NIBRS
• More detailed
• Has more offenses
• Criminal justice funnel
o Total crimes committed
o Crimes known to police
o Arrests
o Courts
o Jail/prison
• NCVS
o Most accurate
o Improved theories of crimes
o Collected by
o Types of crimes include
▪ Most index 1 crimes except homicide and arson
▪ Simple assault
o Dark figure of crime
▪ The amount of crime that goes unreported
o Advantages
▪ Provides data on reported and unreported crimes
o Disadvantages
▪ Misses crimes suffered by American businesses, which cumulatively
constitute an enormous amount of crime
▪ People do’t alas auratel report rie
• Telescoping- human tendency to perceive events as having
occurred more recently than they actually did
• Self-report Surveys
o Studies researchers put together to study any kind of crime
o Ca’t alas get people to ope up ad tell the truth aout rie
o Benefits
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Fall 2018: what is (cid:862)(cid:272)ri(cid:373)e(cid:863), legalistic- approach to defining crime. Crime & deviance: any culpable action or inaction prohibited by law and punishable by the state as a misdemeanor or felony. In the light crimes: crimes reported (interpersonal, eg: robbery -people want their things back. In experimental methods: often manipulate independent variables, then observe changes in dependent variables. In observational methods: usually observe correlations between independent and dependent variables, correlates are variables that are related in a statistical sense, e. g. , age is a correlate of crime. In official stats and victimization data: for more serious street crimes, black/white crime gaps, no differences, or even a reversed relationship when , analyzing self-report data, examining minor offenses or white-collar crimes. General theory of crime: an adequate general theory of crime should include the following components, motivation for crime (internal & external, constraint (internal & external, opportunity, contingencies.
