CHEM-C 101 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Term Test Notes - Oxygen, Intermolecular Force, Fluorine
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CHEM-C 101 Full Course Notes
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Energy and phases: the three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas) can be interconverted without changing the chemical composition of the substance, as energy lowers, interactions (cid:271)e(cid:272)o(cid:373)e greater as a result of (cid:373)ole(cid:272)ules" slowing down. Bonding forces (energy needed to break forces decreases as the list goes down: intramolecular forces, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, metallic bonding, intermolecular forces, ion-dipole, hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, induced-dipole, london dispersion. London (dispersion) forces: weak forces caused by shifting of electrons, present in all molecules, individually weak, but become important in large molecules. Dipole-dipole forces: forces between 2 polar molecules, stronger than london forces, attractive forces between molecules with permanent dipoles, the higher the dipole moment, the higher the (cid:373)ole(cid:272)ule"s (cid:271)oili(cid:374)g poi(cid:374)t will be. Hydrogen bonding: very strong type of intermolecular force, is a type of dipole-dipole, interaction between a polar oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine atom and a polar hydrogen atom. Chapter 7: intermolecular forces and the phases of matter.
