PSYCH 3060 Study Guide - Fall 2019, Comprehensive Final Exam Notes - Vagina, Semen, Libido
30 Nov 2019
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PSYCH 3060
1.1.1 Cross cultural comparisons
● What is regarded as “correct” sexual attitudes and behaviors differ from culture to culture
○ Ex. some people like legs and butts while others like breasts
○ Seen in attractiveness
● In america, men find breasts sexually arousing while in other countries they are seen as
nothing more than a means to feed the offspring
● Overtime attractiveness in cultures can change
○ Ex. 300 to 400 years ago plump women were considered attractive in western
cultures more so than present times
● Nudity is considered differently in different cultures
Different forms of attractiveness in different cultures
● Zulus of south africa: public rituals call for people to be naked
○ Flabby body = immoral behavior
● Islamic societies: women must cover their whole body and face
● Borneo: men insert penis pins to enhance women's pleasure during intercourse
● Kau culture of sudan: abdominal scars are attractive in women
1.1.2 Sexual Behaviors and Attitudes
● Western cultures = kissing is sexual
○ Many other places do not think the same
● Mangaians: most sexually permissive group of people
○ Boys and girls play together till 3 or 4 but are separated afterward during the day
○ Boys: once adolescence is reached they get superincision on penis and are taught
how to please their sexual partner
○ Girls: once adolescence is reached they are also instructed on how to please their
sexual partner
○ Once adulthood is reached men and women become monogamous
● Inis Baeg: most sexually repressed society
○ Sex is taboo
○ Sex is not positive and is considered harmful to health
1.1.3 cultural diversity within the united states
● Even in the US, different demographics have differences regarding sexuality
○ Asian americans = more permissive
○ African americans = start intercource earlier then caucasians
● Factors that influence sexual attitudes and behaviors:
○ Religion
○ Level of education
○ Socioeconomic status
○ Number of generations have passed since one's ancestors immigrated to the US
1.2.1 Judaism
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● For biblical jews sex was for procreation
○ Celibacy = neglect of obligations and a sin
● Sons = providers and defenders
● Daughters and wives= property
● Jews had serious concern for social consequences of sex
○ Sex outside of marriage was condemned and punished
■ Ex. adultery by woman = stoned to death BUT adultery by man =
violation of another mans property
● Rape was considered a violation of property rights and homosexuality/bestiality was
punishable by death having sex with an animal or another person of the same gender
would not yield procreation which is considered to be the ONLY reason to have sex in
the first place by jews.
● Sex b.w married couple was celebrated highly
○ Only requirement/must was that the man had to ejaculate in his wifes vagina
● No shame in regards to their genitals
1.2.2 Greeks and Romans
● Strong emphasis on marriage and family
○ Emphasis on procreation BUT sex was for the state not for god
● More sexual freedom outside of the marriage
● Dualism: belief that the body and soul are separate
○ Huge emphasis on this in the later portion of greek era
○ Lead to ascetic philosophy
■ Ascetic philosophy: from wisdom came virtue which could only be
achieved by avoiding strong passions (ex. sex)
1.2.3 Christianity
● Separation of physical love from spiritual love
● Saint paul: blamed eve for expulsion from garden of eden
○ Preach a celibate lifestyle is way to heaven
■ Celibacy was spiritually superior to marriage
○ Thought marriage was for weak willed
○ Interpretations: paul believed that marital sex was a sin
● Saint jerome: believed that a man who loved his wife TOO passionately was guilty of
adultery
● Pope John Paul ll: echoed saint jeromes thoughts
● Saint augustine: believed that all sexual intercourse was sinful and that children were
born from the sin of their parents
○ Sex = for procreation and NOTHING ELSE sex for procreation is considered an
unpleasant necessity
○ Showed distain for the human body (differ from the hebrews)
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