GEN-4100 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Directional Selection, Chromosome, Sympatric Speciation
25 Apr 2018
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A2a2 q2 w22 q2w22: selection: diploid, single locus. If s1 and s2 are positive, heterozygote has highest w. If s1 and s2 are negative, heterozygote has lowest w: mean fitness of a population equation, recursion equation, dominance formulation, degree of dominance between two alleles. Infinite alleles model: very large number of alleles possible per locus, each mutation forms an allele, all genes end up as heterozygous, stepwise mutation model. Incremental mutation rate: each mutation is a single increase micro/mini-satellites. Infinite sites model: each site is independent, mutation rate is low enough that most sites will not mutate, assumes sequence is infinitely long, each site will only mutate once, supported by the presence of snps. If assume that most mutations are neutral / nearly neutral, few deleterious. In any generation, allele frequency has equal probability of increasing and decreasing: magnitude depends on population size. Identity by state (ibs: two copies of the same allele that are functionally equivalent.
