CH-1020 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Conjugate Acid, Weak Base, Sulfuric Acid

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18 Apr 2016

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Base proton accepter, generate hydroxide anions [oh-] Strong acids / bases dissociate completely 100% Hydronium cation strongest acid in aqueous solution [h3o+] Strong acids hno3, hclo4, h2so4, hcl, hbr, hi. Weak acids generally less than 5% dissociated. Strong bases [oh-] hydroxide anion, strongest base in anion solution. Equations ph = -log [h3o+] poh = -log [oh-] ph + poh = 14 pka + pkb = 14. The higher the ka the stronger the acid pka = -logka. The higher the pka the weaker the acid. Rice method only for weak acids and weak bases. Recognize that polyprotic acids have more than one ka. Predict whether a given salt will be acidic, basic, or neutral in aqueous solution. Hcl + nh3 nh4cl anions coming from strong acids, cations coming from strong bases do not hydrolyze. The conjugate acid of the weak base (nh4) hydrolyzes. Nh4+ + h2o nh3 + h3o. Naoh + ch3cooh ch3coona + h2o.

Related Questions

pH operates off of a ___________ scale.

The autoionization constant of water is abbreviated ________.

The molar concentration of hydronium in pure water at 25ÂºC has been measured to be ________.

The relationship between hydronium and hydroxide in any dilute aqueous solution is represented by _________.

The p in pH stands for _________.

The relationship between pH and pOH is ___________.

The pH value of a 1 M solution of strong acid would be _________.

Neutral pH is ________.

An indicator is typically a ____________ acid or base.

The pOH value of a 1 M solution of strong acid would be _________.

Choose the answer below:

A. Ka = [H3O+][OH-]

B. 1x10-14

C. Kw = [H3O+][OH-]

D. 14

E. - log

F. Ka

G. 1.0x10-7 M

H. Kw

I. log

J. 7

K. 0

L. strong

M. natural log

N. 14 = pH + pOH

O. weak

To understand the relation between the strength of an acid or a base and its pKa and pKb values.

The degree to which a weak acid dissociates in solution is given by its acid-ionization constant, Ka. For the generic weak acid, HA,

HA(aq)âAâ(aq)+H+(aq)

and the acid-ionization constant is given by

Ka=[Aâ][H+]/[HA]

Similarly, the degree to which a weak base reacts with H2O in solution is given by its base-ionization constant, Kb. For the generic weak base, B,

B(aq)+H2O(l)âBH+(aq)+OHâ(aq)

and the base-ionization constant is given by Kb=[BH+][OHâ]/[B]

Another way to express acid strength is by using pKa:

pKa=âlogKa

Another way to express base strength is by using pKb: pKb=âlogKb

A new potential heart medicine, code-named X-281, is being tested by a pharmaceutical company, Pharma-pill. As a research technician at Pharma-pill, you are told that X-281 is a monoprotic weak acid, but because of security concerns, the actual chemical formula must remain top secret. The company is interested in the drug's Ka value because only the dissociated form of the chemical is active in preventing cholesterol buildup in arteries.

To find the pKa of X-281, you prepare a 0.082 M test solution of X-281 at 25.0 âC. The pH of the solution is determined to be 3.00. What is the pKa of X-281?

Express your answer numerically.

CH-1020 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Conjugate Acid, Weak Base, Sulfuric Acid

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