STA 2000 Study Guide - Final Guide: Simple Random Sample, Heteroscedasticity, Kurtosis
Document Summary
Qualitative data (non-numerical) nominal : category (gender); ordinal : ordered (school year) Quantitative data (numerical) continuous : fractions (height, weight); discrete : whole # (# of kids) Reference data : reference # used to identify people. Indicator data : coded value to indicate presence of a trait. Cross-sectional data: snapshot taken at one moment. Time-series data : data collected over a period of time. Non-probabilistic convenience ( 1 location; 1 time), judgment , volunteer, snowball (recommend), quota. Probabilistic simple random sample (srs) (equal chance) 1)sample frame (phone book) 2)pseudo-random; Data collection: take note of bias, wording of questions, under and over coverage, missing data, editorial issues, Statistics : make sense of, describe, analyze variation to make better decisions. Descriptive statistics : describe and represent data; graphical or numerical. Systematic ( every kth value); stratified ( subgroups); cluster (area) (geographic) sources, celebrity endorsements. Graphical - frequency table, bar graph, pie chart, pareto diagram (decreasing bar graph)
