BIOL 1000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Chromosome, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Helicase
Document Summary
Various reason; prevent cancer, out lived their use, infections, viruses. Size of an organ or organism depends on total cell mass; cell number must be controlled. Communication contributes to control; weather to die, divide or grow: direct cell signaling; gap junctions, autocrine & paracrine signaling, endocrine signaling, neural signaling. Toxicity, damage (physical or dna damage) , cell cycle checkpoints. All "reasons" for cell death lead to changes in the cell which lead to its demise. Loss of atpase activity, loss of electrochemical gradient, decreased atp. -> blebs, loss of adhesion , actin filaments effected by caspases. Steps: normal cell, swelling (reversible), swelling (irreversible), disintegration. Cell swells till it explodes and membrane disintegrates. Osmotic pressure & cell permeability changing causing the cell to swell. Doesn"t only occur in response to negative stressors it can also be an essential part of delvelopment. Breaking cell into smaller nonfunctional compartments (reason to why it is not damangble to neighbouring cell)
