Physiology 4700A/B- Midterm Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 23 pages long!)
11 Oct 2017
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Recorded birth weights from <5. 5 to >9. 5 lbs. Smaller bw risk of diabetes / impaired glucose tolerance (pre-diabetes) Whether bw is small or large, both lead to negative outcomes o. Small because of: energy / protein restriction, uterine artery ligation, gc exposure, impaired placental function and structure, inability to mobilize and transport nutrients o. Large because of: high fat diet, obesity, diabetes in mother: outcomes: hypertension, insulin resistance, gluc intolerance, increased adiposity, decreased muscle mass, obesity, ultimately t2d and coronary heart disease. Kidney: reduced nephron #s, so impaired bp control through renin/angiotensin/aldosterone system for the rest of the offspring"s life. Liver: altered formation of liver lobes, so decreased insulin sensitivity and reduction of igf-1. Igf-1 responsible for mtor pathway, protein synthesis, growth in general. Muscle/fat/bone: insulin insensitivity; decrease in muscle and bone mass, increased fat. Brain: leptin resistance (so don"t know when full), rewiring of appetite centres. So there"s a sweet spot for normal weight.
